Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36317922›Full record

ArticleThe British journal of radiology2023

Image-mode performance characterisation of a positron emission tomography subsystem designed for Biology-guided radiotherapy (BgRT).

Zhiqiang Hu, Matthew Bieniosek, Valentina Ferri, Andrei Iagaru, Nataliya Kovalchuk, Bin Han, Lei Xing, Lucas Vitzthum, Peter Olcott, Manoj Narayanan and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The British journal of radiology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. A Prospective First-In-Human Pilot StudyAdvances in radiation oncology · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Preclinical Evaluation ofInternational journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics · 2023
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Zhiqiang HuRefleXion Medical, Inc, Hayward, CA.
Matthew BieniosekRefleXion Medical, Inc, Hayward, CA.
Valentina FerriDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Andrei IagaruDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Nataliya KovalchukDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Bin HanDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Lei XingDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Lucas VitzthumDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Peter OlcottRefleXion Medical, Inc, Hayward, CA.
Manoj NarayananRefleXion Medical, Inc, Hayward, CA.
Thomas LaurenceRefleXion Medical, Inc, Hayward, CA.
Yulan RenDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Oluwaseyi M OderindeRefleXion Medical, Inc, Hayward, CA.
Shervin M ShirvaniRefleXion Medical, Inc, Hayward, CA.
Daniel ChangDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.
Murat SurucuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA.ORCID 0000-0003-1693-6850

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesIn this study, we characterise the imaging-mode performance of the positron emission tomography (PET) subsystem of the RefleXion X1 machine using the NEMA NU-2 2018 standard.

methodsThe X1 machine consists of two symmetrically opposing 90

resultsPET subsystem sensitivity was measured as 0.183 and 0.161 cps/kBq at the center and off-center positions, respectively. Spatial resolution: average FWHM values of 4.3, 5.1, and 6.7 mm for the point sources at 1, 10, and 20 cm off center, respectively were recorded. For count loss, max NECR: 2.63 kcps, max true coincidence rate: 5.56 kcps, and scatter fraction: 39.8%. The 10 mm sphere was not visible. Image-quality contrast values were: 29.6%, 64.9%, 66.5%, 81.8%, 81.2%, and background variability: 14.8%, 12.4%, 10.3%, 8.8%, 8.3%, for the 13, 17, 22, 28, 37 mm sphere sizes, respectively.

conclusionsWhen operating in an imaging mode, the spatial resolution and image contrast of the X1 PET subsystem were comparable to those of typical diagnostic imaging systems for large spheres, while the sensitivity and count rate were lower due to the significantly smaller PET detector area in the X1 system. Clinical efficacy when used in BgRT remains to be validated. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: This is the first performance evaluation of the PET subsystem on the novel BgRT machine. The dual arcs rotating PET subsystem on RefleXion X1 machine performance is comparable to those of the typical diagnostic PET system based on the spatial resolution and image contrast for larger spheres.

Indexed as

BiologyPositron-Emission TomographyHumansPhantoms, Imaging

Identifiers

PMID36317922
PMCPMC10997023

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.