ArticleInternational journal of geriatric psychiatry2022
Psychometric evaluation of the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia scale in an acute general hospital setting.
Article in International journal of geriatric psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevention and treatment of incontinence-associated dermatitis through optimising care: the PREVENT-IAD Synopsis.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2026Trial
- Pain as an underrecognized geriatric syndrome in hospitalized older adults with major neurocognitive disorder: clinical correlates and outcomes.European geriatric medicine · 2026Observational
- Implementing Pain Management Approaches Among Patients With Dementia in an Acute Hospital Setting: A Scoping Review.Nursing open · 2026Article
- Limited Australian clinical guidelines for pain assessment in hospitalized older adults with cognitive impairment: implications for safe and quality care.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- PREVENTion and treatment of Incontinence-Associated Dermatitis (IAD) through optimising care: development and feasibility cluster randomised trial of the IAD-Manual (PREVENT-IAD).Pilot and feasibility studies · 2025Article
- Management of Chronic Pain in Elderly Patients: The Central Role of Nurses in Multidisciplinary Care.Geriatrics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A Review on the Management of Symptoms in Patients with Incurable Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Review
- The use of wearable sensor technology to enhance supportive care in hospitalized palliative patients (Support trial): a prospective preliminary pilot study.BMC palliative care · 2025Article
- Psychometric evaluation of the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia scale in an acute general hospital setting.International journal of geriatric psychiatry · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeople with dementia are at risk of unplanned hospital admissions and commonly have painful conditions. Identifying pain is challenging and may lead to undertreatment. The psychometric properties of the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale, in medical inpatients with dementia have not been evaluated.
methodsA secondary data analysis from a longitudinal study of 230 people with dementia admitted to two acute general hospitals in London, UK. Internal consistency, inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, concurrent validity, construct validity and discriminant validity of PAINAD were tested at rest and in movement.
resultsThis predominantly female (65.7%) sample had a mean age of 87.2 (Standard Deviation; SD = 5.92) years. Inter-rater reliability showed an intra-class correlation (ICC) of 0.92 at rest and 0.98 in movement, test-retest reliability ICC was 0.54 at rest and 0.66 in movement. Internal consistency was 0.76 at rest and 0.80 in movement (Cronbach's α). Concurrent validity was weak between PAINAD and a self-rating level of pain (Kendall's Tau; τ = 0.29; p > 0.001). There was no correlation between PAINAD and a measure of behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia, suggesting no evidence of convergent validity. PAINAD scores were higher during movement than rest, providing evidence of discriminant validity (z = -8.01, p < 0.001).
conclusionsWe found good inter-rater reliability and internal consistency. The test-retest reliability was modest. This study raises concerns about the validity of the PAINAD in general acute hospitals. This provides an insight into pain assessment in general acute hospitals which may inform further refinements of the PAINAD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.