ReviewAnesthesia and pain medicine2022
General anesthesia and sleep: like and unlike.
Review in Anesthesia and pain medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sleep disturbance in patients undergoing shoulder surgery: a current concepts review.JSES reviews, reports, and techniques · 2026Review
- RHO GTPase by L1 GABAergic neurons in frontal cortex and L6 glutamatergic neurons in prefrontal cortex differentiates states of unconsciousness.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Anesthetic-induced epigenetic alterations: mechanisms and long-term clinical implications.Epigenetics · 2025Review
- Neural Oscillations in the Somatosensory and Motor Cortex Distinguish Dexmedetomidine-Induced Anesthesia and Sleep in Rats.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Review
- Impact of general anesthesia and spinal anesthesia on postal delirium and risk factors in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery.American journal of translational research · 2025Article
- Decrease and recovery of integrated information Φ during anesthesia and sleep on human functional magnetic resonance imaging.Neuroscience of consciousness · 2025Article
- Recent advances in neural mechanism of general anesthesia induced unconsciousness: insights from optogenetics and chemogenetics.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
General anesthesia and sleep have long been discussed in the neurobiological context owing to their commonalities, such as unconsciousness, immobility, non-responsiveness to external stimuli, and lack of memory upon returning to consciousness. Sleep is regulated by complex interactions between wake-promoting and sleep-promoting neural circuits. Anesthetics exert their effects partly by inhibiting wake-promoting neurons or activating sleep-promoting neurons. Unconscious but arousable sedation is more related to sleep-wake circuitries, whereas unconscious and unarousable anesthesia is independent of them. General anesthesia is notable for its ability to decrease sleep propensity. Conversely, increased sleep propensity due to insufficient sleep potentiates anesthetic effects. Taken together, it is plausible that sleep and anesthesia are closely related phenomena but not the same ones. Further investigations on the relationship between sleep and anesthesia are warranted.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.