Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36316789›Full record

Observational studyChild: care, health and development2023

The development, reliability, and validity of the Facilitator Assessment Tool: An implementation fidelity measure used in Parenting for Lifelong Health for Young Children.

Mackenzie Martin, Jamie M Lachman, Hugh Murphy, Frances Gardner, Heather Foran

Open access · hybridAbstract readObservational Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Observational study in Child: care, health and development, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Modifications of a Parenting Program in the Context of Scaling-Up and Scaling-Out: Documenting Furaha Teens in Tanzania Using FRAME.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Mackenzie MartinDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-3202-3800
Jamie M LachmanDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Hugh MurphyInstitute for Psychology, Alpen-Adria-University Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
Frances GardnerDepartment of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Heather ForanInstitute for Psychology, Alpen-Adria-University Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
Oxford Policy Management · GBUniversity of Klagenfurt · AT

Funding

Chief Scientist Office SPHSU11Chief Scientist Office SPHSU14Chief Scientist Office SPHSU16Chief Scientist Office SPHSU18Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/1Medical Research Council MC_UU_00022/3Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/11Medical Research Council MC_UU_12017/14
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Parenting for Lifelong Health for Young Children (PLH-YC) programme aims to reduce violence against children and child behaviour problems among families in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Although the programme has been tested in four randomised controlled trials and delivered in over 25 countries, there are gaps in understanding regarding the programme's implementation fidelity and, more generally, concerning the implementation fidelity of parenting programmes in LMICs.

aimsThis study aims to address these gaps by examining the psychometric properties of the PLH-YC-Facilitator Assessment Tool (FAT)-an observational tool used to measure the competent adherence of PLH-YC facilitators. Examining the psychometric properties of the FAT is important in order to determine whether there is an association between facilitator competent adherence and programme outcomes and, if correlated, to improve facilitator performance. It is also important to develop the implementation literature among parenting interventions in LMICs.

methodsThe study examined the content validity, intra-rater reliability, and inter-rater reliability of the FAT. Revision of the tool was based on consultation with programme trainers, experts, and assessors. A training curriculum and assessment manual was created. Assessors were trained in Southeastern Europe and their assessments of facilitator delivery were analysed as part of a large-scale factorial experiment (N = 79 facilitators).

resultsThe content validity process with PLH-YC trainers, experts, and assessors resulted in substantial improvements to the tool. Analyses of percentage agreements and intraclass correlations found that, even with practical challenges, assessments were completed with adequate yet not strong intra- and inter-rater reliability.

conclusionsThis study contributes to the literature on the implementation of parenting programmes in LMICs. The study found that the FAT appears to capture its intended constructs and can be used with an acceptable degree of consistency. Further research on the tool's reliability and validity-specifically, its internal consistency, construct validity, and predictive validity-is recommended.

Indexed as

ParentingProblem BehaviorChildChild, PreschoolEuropeHumansParentsReproducibility of Resultsbehaviourfidelityimplementationparenting

Identifiers

PMID36316789
PMCPMC10946966
OpenAlexW4307848767

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.