Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36316544›Full record

ArticlePharmacoEconomics2022

An EQ-5D-Y-3L Value Set for Belgium.

Sarah Dewilde, Bram Roudijk, Nafthali H Tollenaar, Juan M Ramos-Goñi

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PharmacoEconomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Review
  5. Do EQ-5D-Y-3L value sets have common properties, and how do they compare to EQ-5D-5L value sets?The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2026
    Article
  6. Value set of EQ-5D-Y-3L for Hong Kong.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026
    Article
  7. An Australian Value Set for the EQ-5D-Y-3L.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Understanding Canadian stakeholders' views on measuring and valuing health for children and adolescents: a qualitative study.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Sarah DewildeServices in Health Economics, Rue des Eburons 55, 1000, Brussels, Belgium. sd@she-consulting.be.ORCID 0000-0002-7315-3230
Bram RoudijkEuroQol Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Nafthali H TollenaarServices in Health Economics, Rue des Eburons 55, 1000, Brussels, Belgium.
Juan M Ramos-GoñiMaths in Health, Tenerife, Spain.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn Belgium, a value set for children and adolescents for a generic health-related quality-of-life measure is not available. To inform drug pricing and make resource allocation decisions for children and adolescents, national tax-payers' preferences for youth health states should be known.

objectiveWe aimed to obtain a value set for EQ-5D-Y-3L in Belgium, following the international youth valuation protocol for data collection.

methodsComposite Time Trade-Off interviews were conducted in a sample of 200 adults, either face to face or via video conferencing. Another sample of 1000 adults completed an online discrete choice experiment survey. All adults were asked to take the perspective of a 10-year-old child for both methods. Both samples were representative for Belgium in terms of age, sex and region. A latent class analysis was selected to obtain the relative importance of the five dimensions and their levels based on the discrete choice experiment data, which were anchored with the composite Time Trade-Off censored value for the worst health state (33333).

resultsPreferences from Belgian adults revealed a mean censored value for 33333 for children and adolescents of - 0.475. All the estimated coefficients of the model with 4 latent classes were statistically significant and showed higher disutility as severity levels increase. The most important health dimension was pain/discomfort, followed by feeling sad/worried/unhappy.

conclusionsThis study presents the Belgian EQ-5D-Y-3L value set, which will be included in the Belgian pharmacoeconomic guidelines. The value set enables the calculation of quality-adjusted life-years in children and adolescents, allowing a cost-effectiveness evaluation of health technologies and their youth-specific price setting.

Indexed as

AnxietyQuality of LifeAdolescentAdultBelgiumChildHealth StatusHumansQuality-Adjusted Life YearsSurveys and Questionnaires

Identifiers

PMID36316544
PMCPMC9628592

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.