ArticleNature biotechnology2023
A split, conditionally active mimetic of IL-2 reduces the toxicity of systemic cytokine therapy.
Article in Nature biotechnology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Targeting cytokine/chemokine signaling to convert immunologically cold tumors into hot: Emerging strategies in cancer immunotherapy.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Proteolysis activity mapping and substrate discovery platform for identifying tumor-activated biosensors.Nature chemical biology · 2026Article
- Tumor-specific cytokine therapy mediated by engineered Salmonella with a synthetic protein delivery system.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Long-acting interleukin-7 improves the efficacy of oncolytic viral therapy in glioblastoma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Article
- Advances in IL-2 Family Cytokine-Based Cancer Therapies: Overcoming Challenges Through Molecular Engineering and Delivery Strategies.Immune network · 2026Review
- The Pleiotropic Roles of Cytokines in Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell Therapy.Cancer immunology research · 2026Review
- Antigen-scaffolds loaded with hyper-stable neoleukin-2/15 expand antigen-specific T cells with a favorable phenotype for adoptive cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Review
- CAR-T cells in solid tumors: Challenges and breakthroughs.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Review
- Design of a potent interleukin-21 mimic for cancer immunotherapy.Science immunology · 2025Article
- Programmable protein ligation on cell surfaces.Nature · 2025Article
- Structure and function of therapeutic antibodies approved by the US FDA in 2024.Antibody therapeutics · 2025Review
- Transitioning from native to synthetic receptors: broadening T-cell engineering and beyond.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Review
- Co-encapsulation of norcantharidin prodrugs and lomitapide in nanoparticles to regulate CCL4 expression by inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin pathway for improved anti-tumor immunotherapy.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Article
- Conditional Activation of Protein Therapeutics by Templated Removal of Peptide Nucleic Acid Masking Groups.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2025Article
- Selective activation of interleukin-2/interleukin-15 receptor signaling in tumor microenvironment using paired bispecific antibodies.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Coordinating interleukin-2 encoding circRNA with immunomodulatory lipid nanoparticles to potentiate cancer immunotherapy.Science advances · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
19 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of recombinant cytokines has been limited by the severe side effects of systemic administration. We describe a strategy to reduce the dose-limiting toxicities of monomeric cytokines by designing two components that require colocalization for activity and that can be independently targeted to restrict activity to cells expressing two surface markers. We demonstrate the approach with a previously designed mimetic of cytokines interleukin-2 and interleukin-15-Neoleukin-2/15 (Neo-2/15)-both for trans-activating immune cells surrounding targeted tumor cells and for cis-activating directly targeted immune cells. In trans-activation mode, tumor antigen targeting of the two components enhanced antitumor activity and attenuated toxicity compared with systemic treatment in syngeneic mouse melanoma models. In cis-activation mode, immune cell targeting of the two components selectively expanded CD8
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.