ArticleSleep2023
Mental and physical health pathways linking insomnia symptoms to cognitive performance 14 years later.
Article in Sleep, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Sleep characteristics and risk factors in patients of insomnia comorbid with anxiety.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- The interrelationships among insomnia, frailty, anxiety, and cognitive function in middle-aged and older adults: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota, Immune Phenotypes, and Insomnia: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2026Article
- Moderating effect of resilience on the associations of perceived stress and anxiety with unhealthy alcohol use and insomnia in Chinese hospital staff.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Individual Sleep Problems Are Associated With an Accelerated Decline in Multiple Cognitive Functions in Older Adults.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Association between post-COVID-19 sleep disturbance and neurocognitive function: a comparative study based on propensity score matching.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2025Article
- How trait mindfulness protects late adolescents from stress-induced sleep problems: the unique role of mindfulness facets and gender differences.BMC psychiatry · 2025Article
- Markers of intestinal barrier damage in patients with chronic insomnia disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Correlates of Subjective Cognitive Decline in Black American Men.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2024Article
- The Association of Allergy-Related and Non-Allergy-Related Olfactory Impairment with Cognitive Function in Older Adults: Two Cross- Sectional Studies.Current Alzheimer research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesInsomnia may be a modifiable risk factor for later-life cognitive impairment. We investigated: (1) which insomnia symptoms are associated with subsequent cognitive functioning across domains; (2) whether insomnia-cognition associations are mediated by mental and physical health; and (3) whether these associations are modified by gender.
methodsParticipants included 2595 adults ages 51-88 at baseline (Mage=64.00 ± 6.66, 64.5% women) in the Health and Retirement Study. The frequency of insomnia symptoms (difficulty initiating sleep, night time awakenings, early awakenings, and feeling unrested upon awakening) at baseline (2002) were quantified using a modified Jenkins Sleep Questionnaire. Cognition was assessed in 2016 via the Harmonized Cognitive Assessment Protocol and operationalized with factor scores corresponding to five domains. Depressive symptoms and vascular conditions in 2014 were assessed via self-report. Structural equation models estimated total, indirect, and direct effects of insomnia symptoms on subsequent cognition through depressive symptoms and vascular diseases, controlling for baseline sociodemographic and global cognition.
resultsFrequent difficulty initiating sleep was associated with poorer episodic memory, executive function, language, visuoconstruction, and processing speed 14 years later (-0.06 ≤ β ≤ -0.04; equivalent to 2.2-3.4 years of aging). Depressive symptoms explained 12.3%-19.5% of these associations and vascular disease explained 6.3%-14.6% of non-memory associations. No other insomnia symptoms were associated with cognition, and no associations were modified by gender.
conclusionsDifficulty initiating sleep in later life may predict future cognitive impairment through multiple pathways. Future research with longitudinal assessments of insomnia, insomnia treatments, and cognition is needed to evaluate insomnia as a potential intervention target to optimize cognitive aging.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.