ReviewImplementation science : IS2022
The updated Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research based on user feedback.
Review in Implementation science : IS, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 11 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 2,597 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Protocol for Inpatient Nursing Frailty Assessment (INFA): Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment and Multidisciplinary Intervention for Frail Hospitalised Older Adults
'5 Rs to Rescue' A Cluster Trial With an Embedded Process Evaluation
Impact of Multimodal Telerehabilitation on Reducing Disparities in Rural Survivors of Metastatic Prostate Cancer
Multimodal Telerehabilitation of Rural Patients With Advanced Prostate Cancer
Revolutionizing Adapted Physical Activity for Individuals With Physical Disabilities: Examining the Health Impact of and Promoting Sitting Light Volleyball in the Greater Bay Area
PeerOnCall: A Cluster Randomized Trial of a Peer Support Mobile Health Platform in Canadian Fire Service Organizations
Moxie: A Self-management Education and Support Program Using Advertising Principles to Reduce Rehospitalization for Cardiovascular-related Illnesses
Multimodal Telerehabilitation in Patients Undergoing CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy
ElectroAcupuncture to Manage Symptoms of Cognitive Toxicity in Cancer Survivors: Assessing impLementation, Cost, and effectIveness for inteGratioN (EAST-ALIGN)
Clinical Outcomes and Institutional Integration of the ERAS (Enhanced Recovery After Surgery) Protocol in Pediatric Appendicetomies: A Mixed Methodological IDEAL (Idea, Development, Exploration, Assessment, Long-term Study) 2a Preliminary Study
Virtual Pain Neuroscience Education for Patients Undergoing Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Hybrid Effectiveness-Implementation Pilot Trial
Who cites it
2,597 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 3,462 citations in OpenAlex.
- Reducing Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Use in Adult Acute Care: A Systematic Review.Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA · 2026Pooled it
- Health Economic & Implementation Determinants of Prehospital Stroke Triage Tools: A Systematic Review.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026Pooled it
- Facilitators and Barriers to Digital Health Technologies for Self-Management in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: Systematic Review Based on the Updated CFIR 2.0 Framework.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of pharmacogenomic testing for antidepressants use in primary care: a systematic review using the consolidated framework for implementation research.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2026Pooled it
- Psychosocial Interventions for Patients Undergoing Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Pooled it
- Factors influencing mutual trust in interprofessional partnerships within primary care settings: a systematic review.Family practice · 2026Pooled it
- Applying system support mapping combined with the matrixed multiple case study approach to identify and analyse implementation determinants: lessons from a multi-site implementation study in German neonatal intensive care units.BMC health services research · 2026Trial
- Applying an AI Decision Support Device During Cervical Cancer Screening in Bangladesh and Uganda: Implementation Study.JMIR formative research · 2026Trial
- "MyLogbook-I Know My Way Around": A Psychological Therapy Program to Enhance Health Literacy and Positive Emotional Adjustment in Pediatric Oncology.Psycho-oncology · 2026Trial
- Stakeholders' experiences of physical activity programmes development, implementation, and evaluation in universities in the United Kingdom and Indonesia.International journal of qualitative studies on health and well-being · 2026Article
- Community pharmacy transformation under universal health coverage: Implementation barriers, cultural determinants, and cross-national lessons from Japan's ongoing transition - A narrative review.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Review
- An exploratory study to determine the feasibility and processes needed to implement the Immunization Neighborhood to increase HPV vaccination among African American adolescents and adolescents in the general population: A multi-partner perspective.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Protect her future: Lessons learned from a school and community engagement initiative for HPV vaccine awareness in Lilongwe, Malawi.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Integrating mathematical modelling and artificial intelligence to combat emerging viral syndemics: A systematic review.New microbes and new infections · 2026Review
- Community voices on health, wellness, and engagement: A qualitative process evaluation of a university extension program.Dialogues in health · 2026Article
- Associations of workforce characteristics, calendar time, and assessment modality with quality performance in family planning and post-abortion care services in Sierra Leone, 2019-2022.Global health action · 2026Article
- Design and method considerations for equity-centered implementation science and practice: A PEDALs approach.Global health research and policy · 2026Article
- Evaluating a sexual and reproductive health and rights programme within Swedish for Immigrants education: a study protocol.Global health action · 2026Article
- Feasibility and acceptability of the Health Assessment Tool (HAT) in Swedish primary care: insights into older patients' needs and professional perspectives.Scandinavian journal of primary health care · 2026Article
- Evaluation of a universal 3-4 month Healthy Child Programme visit in a local area of England: a mixed methods study.Public health in practice (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
2,537 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMany implementation efforts fail, even with highly developed plans for execution, because contextual factors can be powerful forces working against implementation in the real world. The Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR) is one of the most commonly used determinant frameworks to assess these contextual factors; however, it has been over 10 years since publication and there is a need for updates. The purpose of this project was to elicit feedback from experienced CFIR users to inform updates to the framework.
methodsUser feedback was obtained from two sources: (1) a literature review with a systematic search; and (2) a survey of authors who used the CFIR in a published study. Data were combined across both sources and reviewed to identify themes; a consensus approach was used to finalize all CFIR updates. The VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System IRB declared this study exempt from the requirements of 38 CFR 16 based on category 2.
resultsThe systematic search yielded 376 articles that contained the CFIR in the title and/or abstract and 334 unique authors with contact information; 59 articles included feedback on the CFIR. Forty percent (n = 134/334) of authors completed the survey. The CFIR received positive ratings on most framework sensibility items (e.g., applicability, usability), but respondents also provided recommendations for changes. Overall, updates to the CFIR include revisions to existing domains and constructs as well as the addition, removal, or relocation of constructs. These changes address important critiques of the CFIR, including better centering innovation recipients and adding determinants to equity in implementation.
conclusionThe updates in the CFIR reflect feedback from a growing community of CFIR users. Although there are many updates, constructs can be mapped back to the original CFIR to ensure longitudinal consistency. We encourage users to continue critiquing the CFIR, facilitating the evolution of the framework as implementation science advances.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.