ArticleCardiovascular diabetology2022
Long-term cardiovascular outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective UK Biobank study.
Article in Cardiovascular diabetology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 60 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gestational Diabetes and Long-Term Risk of Maternal Kidney Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population Base Cohort Studies.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2026Pooled it
- Long-term risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in women with gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Pooled it
- Gestational diabetes mellitus and development of intergenerational overall and subtypes of cardiovascular diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2024Pooled it
- Association of gestational diabetes mellitus with overall and type specific cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases: systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2022Pooled it
- Cardiovascular outcomes 50 years after antenatal exposure to betamethasone: Follow-up of a randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.PLoS medicine · 2024Trial
- A three-metabolite microbiota-associated signature for early risk stratification of gestational diabetes mellitus.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2026Article
- Gestational Diabetes and Postpartum Cardiovascular, Kidney, and Metabolic Disorders.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding Intensity and Early Postpartum Lipid Profiles Among Women With Prior Gestational Diabetes.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Conjoint association of gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with long-term risk of mortality: a population-based cohort study.Journal of global health · 2026Article
- Redox Imbalance in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: Mechanistic Insights, Emerging Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- An oral glucose tolerance test in pregnancy and its association with future cardiovascular diseases.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Association between gestational diabetes mellitus and long-term all-cause and cause-specific mortality risks: a prospective cohort study based on metabolomics.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2026Article
- Experience and Acceptability of a Reduced-Energy Whole-Diet Intervention in Women with Gestational Diabetes: a Qualitative Study of the Dietary Intervention in Gestational Diabetes Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2026Article
- Review
- Association of Maternal Hyperlipidemia Combined with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus with Adverse Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- The Impact of Preeclampsia and Gestational Diabetes on Future Maternal Cardiometabolic Health.Acta physiologica (Oxford, England) · 2025Review
- Associations of gestational diabetes mellitus with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases: results from NHANES and mendelian randomization analyses.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Adaptation to Stress: Focus on Pregnancy and Diabetes.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Sleep patterns, genetic susceptibility, and gastrointestinal cancer mortality: a large-scale prospective cohort study.Sleep & breathing = Schlaf & Atmung · 2025Observational
- Association between multiple complications of pregnancy and risk of cardiovascular disease in a large cohort.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies showed that gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) can be a risk factor for subsequent atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. However, there is a paucity of information regarding diverse cardiovascular outcomes in elderly women after GDM. In the current study, we examined whether women with a history of GDM have an increased risk for long-term overall cardiovascular outcomes.
methodsAmong the UK participants, we included 219,330 women aged 40 to 69 years who reported at least one live birth. The new incidence of diverse cardiovascular outcomes was compared according to GDM history by multivariable Cox proportional hazard models. In addition, causal mediation analysis was performed to examine the contribution of well-known risk factors to observed risk.
resultsAfter enrollment, 13,094 women (6.0%) developed new overall cardiovascular outcomes. Women with GDM history had an increased risk for overall cardiovascular outcomes [adjusted HR (aHR) 1.36 (95% CI 1.18-1.55)], including coronary artery disease [aHR 1.31 (1.08-1.59)], myocardial infarction [aHR 1.65 (1.27-2.15)], ischemic stroke [aHR 1.68 (1.18-2.39)], peripheral artery disease [aHR 1.69 (1.14-2.51)], heart failure [aHR 1.41 (1.06-1.87)], mitral regurgitation [aHR 2.25 (1.51-3.34)], and atrial fibrillation/flutter [aHR 1.47 (1.18-1.84)], after adjustment for age, race, BMI, smoking, early menopause, hysterectomy, prevalent disease, and medication. In mediation analysis, overt diabetes explained 23%, hypertension explained 11%, and dyslipidemia explained 10% of the association between GDM and overall cardiovascular outcome.
conclusionsGDM was associated with more diverse cardiovascular outcomes than previously considered, and conventional risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia partially contributed to this relationship.
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