ArticleScientific reports2022
TNF overexpression and dexamethasone treatment impair chondrogenesis and bone growth in an additive manner.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of biologic treatments on growth in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Prednisone, not vamorolone, suppresses novel serum bone and cartilage biomarkers associated with growth failure in children with Duchenne muscular dystrophy.Scientific reports · 2026Trial
- Managing growth and puberty concerns in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy: Updated guidance and future directions.Journal of neuromuscular diseases · 2026Review
- Mechanical Loading Prevents Bone Growth Impairment in TNF-Overexpressing Mice with Chronic Inflammation.Cells · 2026Article
- Inflammation-induced leg length discrepancy in children: from molecular mechanisms to clinical implications.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Astragalus Extract Mixture HT042 Alleviates Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Growth Retardation in Rat Metatarsal Bones.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Humanin Treatment Protects Against Venetoclax-Induced Bone Growth Retardation inJournal of the Endocrine Society · 2024Article
- Multiple pals gene modules control a balance between immunity and development in Caenorhabditis elegans.PLoS pathogens · 2023Article
- MultiplebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- A novel link between chronic inflammation and humanin regulation in children.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Algorithm for Growth Evaluation in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Current health sciences journalArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Children with chronic inflammation are often treated with glucocorticoids (GCs) and many of them experience growth retardation. It is poorly understood how GCs interact with inflammatory cytokines causing growth failure as earlier experimental studies have been performed in healthy animals. To address this gap of knowledge, we used a transgenic mouse model where human TNF is overexpressed (huTNFTg) leading to chronic polyarthritis starting from the first week of age. Our results showed that femur bone length and growth plate height were significantly decreased in huTNFTg mice compared to wild type animals. In the growth plates of huTNFTg mice, increased apoptosis, suppressed Indian hedgehog, decreased hypertrophy, and disorganized chondrocyte columns were observed. Interestingly, the GC dexamethasone further impaired bone growth, accelerated chondrocyte apoptosis and reduced the number of chondrocyte columns in huTNFTg mice. We conclude that TNF and dexamethasone separately suppress chondrogenesis and bone growth when studied in an animal model of chronic inflammation. Our data give a possible mechanistic explanation to the commonly observed growth retardation in children with chronic inflammatory diseases treated with GCs.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.