ArticleJournal of the International AIDS Society2022
Examining provincial PrEP coverage and characterizing PrEP awareness and use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men in Vancouver, Toronto and Montreal, 2017-2020.
Article in Journal of the International AIDS Society, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Disparities in Awareness, Willingness and Uptake of Biomedical HIV Prevention Among Bisexual and Gay Men: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2026Pooled it
- Barriers and Facilitators to Oral HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Use in Australia: A Scoping Review Comparing Findings to Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.AIDS and behavior · 2026Review
- Establish a PrEP (Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis) Epidemiology, Modeling, and Surveillance (PREMISE) System to Analyze Trends in PrEP Uptake and the Impact of PrEP Programs and Policies: Protocol for a Natural Experiment and Modeling Study in the United States.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Factors influencing PrEP adoption in sexual health clinics within Ontario's public health system: a qualitative study using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR).Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Inequitable access to PrEP among gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men in Canada: A network analysis of social indicators.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- Racial disparities in HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) awareness and uptake among white, Black, and Indigenous men in Canada: Analysis of data from the I'm Ready national HIV self-testing study.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025Article
- Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Awareness and Use Among Transgender and Nonbinary Individuals in Canada.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2024Article
- Population-level effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention among men who have sex with men in Montréal (Canada): a modelling study of surveillance and survey data.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2023Article
- Examining the secondary impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on syndemic production and PrEP use among gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) in Vancouver, Canada.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Examining Associations Between Resilience and PrEP Use Among HIV-negative GBM in Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver.AIDS and behavior · 2023Article
- Determinants of Familiarity and Experience with HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis in Primary Care Providers in Ontario, Canada.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionAccessibility of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) in Canada remains complex as publicly funded coverage and delivery differs by province. In January 2018, PrEP became publicly funded and free of charge in British Columbia (BC), whereas PrEP coverage in Ontario and Montreal is more limited and may require out-of-pocket costs. We examined differences over time in PrEP uptake and assessed factors associated with PrEP awareness and use.
methodsGay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men (GBM) were recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS) in Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal, Canada, in a prospective biobehavioural cohort study. We applied generalized estimating equations with hierarchical data (RDS chain, participant, visit) to examine temporal trends of PrEP use and correlates of PrEP awareness and use from 2017 to 2020 among self-reported HIV-negative/unknown GBM.
resultsOf 2008 self-identified HIV-negative/unknown GBM at baseline, 5093 study visits were completed from February 2017 to March 2020. At baseline, overall PrEP awareness was 88% and overall PrEP use was 22.5%. During our study period, we found PrEP use increased in all cities (all p<0.001): Montreal 14.2% during the first time period to 39.3% during the last time period (p<0.001), Toronto 21.4-31.4% (p<0.001) and Vancouver 21.7-59.5% (p<0.001). Across the study period, more Vancouver GBM used PrEP than Montreal GBM (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.60-2.63), with no significant difference between Toronto and Montreal GBM (aOR = 0.90, 95% CI = 0.68-1.18).
conclusionsFull free-of-charge public funding for PrEP in BC likely contributed to differences in PrEP awareness and use. Increasing public funding for PrEP will improve accessibility and uptake among GBM most at risk of HIV.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.