Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36303657›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in reproductive health2022

Incentives to promote accessing HIV care and viral suppression among HIV self-screening test users who obtain a reactive result.

Mohammad Majam, Mothepane Phatsoane, Theodore Wonderlik, Naleni Rhagnath, Laura K Schmucker, Leanne Singh, Michael Rademeyer, Harsha Thirumurthy, Noora Marcus, Samanta Lalla-Edward

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in reproductive health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 48% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Mohammad MajamEzintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Mothepane PhatsoaneEzintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Theodore WonderlikEzintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Naleni RhagnathEzintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Laura K SchmuckerDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, United States.
Leanne SinghEzintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Michael RademeyerA2D24, Randburg, South Africa.
Harsha ThirumurthyDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, United States.
Noora MarcusDepartment of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia PA, United States.
Samanta Lalla-EdwardEzintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
University of the Witwatersrand · ZAUniversity of Pennsylvania · USMintek · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Achieving viral suppression in people with HIV is crucial in ending the AIDS epidemic. Among users of HIV self-screening tests, low rates of linkage to care and early retention in care are key obstacles to achieving viral suppression. This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of financial incentives in supporting HIV case management. Methods: Young adults within the inner city of Johannesburg, South Africa and surrounding areas who used HIV self-tests, were able to use WhatsApp to communicate with study personnel, reported a reactive or invalid result, and were confirmed to by HIV-positive were enrolled in the study. Participants were randomised to an intervention arm that received reminders and financial rewards for engaging in care, or to a control arm that received the standard of care. The primary outcome was HIV viral load at six months. Results: Among 2,388 HIV self-test kits that were distributed, 1757/2,388 (73,58%) recipients were able to use their phones to send photos to study personnel. 142/1,757 (8,08%) of these recipients reported reactive or invalid results. Upon confirmatory testing, 99/142 (69,71%) participants were identified as being HIV-positive and were enrolled in the study. 2 (1,41%) participants received an HIV negative result, and 41(28,87%) participants were either lost to follow-up or did not complete the confirmatory testing step. 20/99 (20,2%) from the intervention arm and 18/99 (18,18%) from the control arm completed the study (i.e., attended a 6 month follow up and participated in the exit interview). 29/99 (29,29%) were virally suppressed by at 6 months. Of those achieving viral suppression 15 (51,72%) were from the intervention arm. Conclusion: Financial incentives and reminders were not effective in promoting engagement with HIV care and viral suppression in this setting.

Indexed as

financial rewardsHIV care cascadeHIV linkage to careHIV managementHIV self-testSouth Africa

Identifiers

PMID36303657
PMCPMC9580778
OpenAlexW4300960671

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.