SynthesisEmerging microbes & infections2022
Risk factors and preventive interventions for post Covid-19 condition: systematic review.
Synthesis in Emerging microbes & infections, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Definitions and symptoms of the post-COVID syndrome: an updated systematic umbrella review.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Biases and limitations in observational studies of Long COVID prevalence and risk factors: A rapid systematic umbrella review.PloS one · 2024Pooled it
- Associations between SARS-CoV-2 infection and incidence of new chronic condition diagnoses: a systematic review.Emerging microbes & infections · 2023Pooled it
- Prognostic Factors of COVID-19: An Umbrella Review Endorsed by the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology.Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics · 2023Pooled it
- Cognitive function among COVID-19 survivors in the subacute phase during the epidemic of Omicron variant in China.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2026Article
- Factors affecting exercise performance at the 6-min walk test in long-COVID: a multicenter study from Italy.Internal and emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Effect of Preinfection Health Status on COVID-19 Severity and Cognitive Function.Brain and behavior · 2025Observational
- Persistence of symptoms in long-COVID: follow-up trajectories of 30 symptoms in 755 patients from a national multicenter study from Italy.Internal and emergency medicine · 2025Article
- Factors associated with the development, severity, and resolution of post COVID-19 condition in adults living in Canada, January 2020 to August 2022.Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique · 2025Article
- E-cigarettes are not associated with post-acute COVID-19 syndrome among US adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Prevalence and predictors of post-COVID-19-related symptoms: an extended follow-up among employees in health and welfare services in Germany: a short report.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2025Article
- Genetic Risk of Different Populations in COVID-19 Susceptibility and Severity.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Review
- Elevated adipokines and myokines are associated with fatigue in long COVID patients.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- The association between underlying conditions, risk factors, risk markers, and post-COVID conditions ≥6 months after COVID-19: A systematic review.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2024Article
- Symptom profile, case and symptom clustering, clinical and demographic characteristics of a multicentre cohort of 1297 patients evaluated for Long-COVID.BMC medicine · 2024Article
- Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine for fatigue post COVID-19 infection: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Integrative medicine research · 2024Review
- Incidence and risk factors of post COVID-19 syndrome: a Tunisian cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Epidemiology, clinical presentation, pathophysiology, and management of long COVID: an update.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Review
- [Post-COVID-19 syndrome].Bulletin de l'Academie nationale de medecine · 2023Review
- Impairments following COVID-19 infection: manifestations and investigations of related factors.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This systematic review examined pre-existing and clinical risk factors for post Covid-19 condition (≥12 weeks after onset), and interventions during acute and post-acute phases of illness that could potentially prevent post Covid-19 condition. The review focuses on studies collecting data during the early phases of the pandemic and prior to the emergence of variants of concern and widespread vaccination. We searched bibliographic databases and grey literature. Two investigators independently reviewed abstracts and full-text articles, and data extraction and risk of bias assessments were verified. Meta-analysis was performed when suitable and we assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE. We included 31 studies. We found small-to-moderate associations (e.g. adjusted odds ratios 1.5 to <2.0) between female sex and higher non-recovery, fatigue, and dyspnea (moderate certainty). Severe or critical acute-phase Covid-19 severity (versus not) has probably (moderate certainty) a large association (adjusted ratio ≥2.0) with increased cognitive impairment, a small-to-moderate association with more non-recovery, and a little-to-no association with dyspnea. There may be (low certainty) large associations between hospitalization and increased non-recovery, increased dyspnea, and reduced return to work. Other outcomes had low certainty of small-to-moderate or little-to-no association or very low certainty. Several potential preventive interventions were examined, but effects are very uncertain. Guidelines in relation to surveillance, screening, and other services such as access to sickness and disability benefits, might need to focus on females and those with previously severe Covid-19 illness. Continuous assessment of emerging evidence, especially on whether different variants and vaccination impact outcomes, will be important. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021270354.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.