Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36299751›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in public health2022

Hospital value-based payment programs and disparity in the United States: A review of current evidence and future perspectives.

Hyunmin Kim, Asos Mahmood, Noah E Hammarlund, Cyril F Chang

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
5.5field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. The High Cost of American Health Care: Understanding the Deeper Roots of the Crisis.Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hyunmin KimSchool of Health Professions, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, United States.
Asos MahmoodDivision of Health Systems Management and Policy, School of Public Health, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States.
Noah E HammarlundDepartment of Health Services Research, Management and Policy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States.
Cyril F ChangDepartment of Economics, Fogelman College of Business and Economics, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, United States.
University of Memphis · USUniversity of Florida · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Beginning in the early 2010s, an array of Value-Based Purchasing (VBP) programs has been developed in the United States (U.S.) to contain costs and improve health care quality. Despite documented successes in these efforts in some instances, there have been growing concerns about the programs' unintended consequences for health care disparities due to their built-in biases against health care organizations that serve a disproportionate share of disadvantaged patient populations. We explore the effects of three Medicare hospital VBP programs on health and health care disparities in the U.S. by reviewing their designs, implementation history, and evidence on health care disparities. The available empirical evidence thus far suggests varied impacts of hospital VBP programs on health care disparities. Most of the reviewed studies in this paper demonstrate that hospital VBP programs have the tendency to exacerbate health care disparities, while a few others found evidence of little or no worsening impacts on disparities. We discuss several policy options and recommendations which include various reform approaches and specific programs ranging from those addressing upstream structural barriers to health care access, to health care delivery strategies that target service utilization and health outcomes of vulnerable populations under the VBP programs. Future studies are needed to produce more explicit, conclusive, and consistent evidence on the impacts of hospital VBP programs on disparities.

Indexed as

MedicareValue-Based PurchasingAgedDelivery of Health CareHospitalsHumansQuality of Health CareUnited Stateshealth care disparityhealth equityhospital VBPMedicarepayment reformsocial determinant of healthupstream approachValue-Based Purchasing

Identifiers

PMID36299751
PMCPMC9589294
OpenAlexW4303968046

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.