ReviewVaccines2022
Outer Membrane Vesicles: An Emerging Vaccine Platform.
Review in Vaccines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Mucosal immunity and vaccine development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Pooled it
- Recombinant Antibody Vaccines for Targeted Antigen Delivery: Design Principles and Immunological Applications.Vaccines · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-derived extracellular vesicles: bridging microbial-host crosstalk in metabolic disorders.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026Review
- Advances in multivariate analysis of extracellular vesicles using visible light-based analytical methods.Nanoscale · 2026Review
- Outer membrane vesicles: Versatile nanocarriers for therapeutic delivery and immune modulation.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2026Review
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles in Biomedical Research and Clinical Translation.Microbial biotechnology · 2026Review
- Outer membrane vesicles fromMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Microbial Biotechnology in Medicine.Progress in molecular and subcellular biology · 2026Review
- Probiotic-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Nano-Immunotherapeutic Platforms in IBD: A Clinician's Perspective.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Tiny packages, big potential: bacterial membrane vesicles in vaccinology.Microbial cell factories · 2025Review
- Bacterial extracellular vesicles in the initiation, progression and treatment of atherosclerosis.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Two Sides of the Same Coin-Mechanistic Insight, Diagnostic Application and Therapeutic Translation of Bacterial and Host-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.Journal of extracellular biology · 2025Review
- Dual role and clinical application of extracellular vesicles in acute respiratory distress syndrome: Mechanism analysis and translational challenges.World journal of stem cells · 2025Review
- Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Versatile Platform for Vaccine Development: Engineering Strategies, Applications and Challenges.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2025Review
- Monitoring Populations of Single Extracellular Vesicles fromPrecision chemistry · 2025Article
- Engineered Outer Membrane Vesicles for Antigen Delivery: Exploratory Study on Adjuvant Activity and Systemic Reactogenicity.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Hypervesiculation Meets Sec-Targeting: Enhancing Heterologous Protein Loading inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Exploration of a GMMA-Based Bivalent Vaccine AgainstVaccines · 2025Article
- Potential and development of cellular vesicle vaccines in cancer immunotherapy.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Opportunities and challenges of bacterial extracellular vesicles in regenerative medicine.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vaccine adjuvants are substances that improve the immune capacity of a recombinant vaccine to a great extent and have been in use since the early 1900s; they are primarily short-lived and initiate antigen activity, mainly an inflammatory response. With the developing technologies and innovation, early options such as alum were modified, yet the inorganic nature of major vaccine adjuvants caused several side effects. Outer membrane vesicles, which respond to the stressed environment, are small nano-sized particles secreted by gram-negative bacteria. The secretory nature of OMV gives us many benefits in terms of infection bioengineering. This article aims to provide a detailed overview of bacteria's outer membrane vesicles (OMV) and their potential usage as adjuvants in making OMV-based vaccines. The OMV adjuvant-based vaccines can be a great benefactor, and there are ongoing trials for formulating OMV adjuvant-based vaccines for SARS-CoV-2. This study emphasizes engineering the OMVs to develop better versions for safety purposes. This article will also provide a gist about the advantages and disadvantages of such vaccines, along with other aspects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.