Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36298273›Full record

ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2022

Towards Online Ageing Detection in Transformer Oil: A Review.

Ugochukwu Elele, Azam Nekahi, Arshad Arshad, Issouf Fofana

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
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  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ugochukwu EleleSchool of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1154-3479
Azam NekahiSchool of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
Arshad ArshadSchool of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8621-2773
Issouf FofanaDepartment of Applied Sciences, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Saguenay, QC G7H 2B1, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-7141-9173

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Transformers play an essential role in power networks, ensuring that generated power gets to consumers at the safest voltage level. However, they are prone to insulation failure from ageing, which has fatal and economic consequences if left undetected or unattended. Traditional detection methods are based on scheduled maintenance practices that often involve taking samples from in situ transformers and analysing them in laboratories using several techniques. This conventional method exposes the engineer performing the test to hazards, requires specialised training, and does not guarantee reliable results because samples can be contaminated during collection and transportation. This paper reviews the transformer oil types and some traditional ageing detection methods, including breakdown voltage (BDV), spectroscopy, dissolved gas analysis, total acid number, interfacial tension, and corresponding regulating standards. In addition, a review of sensors, technologies to improve the reliability of online ageing detection, and related online transformer ageing systems is covered in this work. A non-destructive online ageing detection method for in situ transformer oil is a better alternative to the traditional offline detection method. Moreover, when combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence, a prescriptive maintenance solution emerges, offering more advantages and robustness than offline preventive maintenance approaches.

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceElectric Power SuppliesMaintenanceReproducibility of Resultsageinghigh voltageinsulatorInternet of Thingssensorsuperhydrophobicitytransformer oil

Identifiers

PMID36298273
PMCPMC9608220

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.