ReviewPolymers2022
Polymeric Nanoparticles for Inhaled Vaccines.
Review in Polymers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- Recent advances in the application of polymeric nanoparticles to the pulmonary delivery of mRNA.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2026Review
- Human immunodeficiency virus vaccines: Advances, challenges and future perspectives.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- Unveiling the role of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) in biofilm formation and Harnessing them for targeting biofilm-forming bacterial infections.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2026Review
- Immunization of pigs with Actinobacillus pleuropneumonia live attenuated (gene-deleted) vaccine HB04M intramuscularly or intranasally exhibits remarkably rapid protection against heterologous strain challenge.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Metallic, carbon-based, and polymeric nanomaterials: transforming dairy farming practices for sustainability.Food chemistry: X · 2025Review
- PEI-Engineered Lipid@PLGA Hybrid Nanoparticles for Multimodal Delivery of Antigens and Immune Adjuvants to the Respiratory Mucosa.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Age-dependent changes in phagocytic activity: in vivo response of mouse pulmonary antigen presenting cells to direct lung delivery of charged PEGDA nanoparticles.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2024Article
- Application of PLGA in Tumor Immunotherapy.Polymers · 2024Review
- Immunogenicity of Recombinant Lipid-Based Nanoparticle Vaccines: Danger Signal vs. Helping Hand.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Review
- Nanocarriers in Tuberculosis Treatment: Challenges and Delivery Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Aerosol pulmonary immune engineering.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2023Review
- Smart Polymeric Nanoparticles in Cancer Immunotherapy.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many recent studies focus on the pulmonary delivery of vaccines as it is needle-free, safe, and effective. Inhaled vaccines enhance systemic and mucosal immunization but still faces many limitations that can be resolved using polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs). This review focuses on the use of properties of PNPs, specifically chitosan and PLGA to be used in the delivery of vaccines by inhalation. It also aims to highlight that PNPs have adjuvant properties by themselves that induce cellular and humeral immunogenicity. Further, different factors influence the behavior of PNP in vivo such as size, morphology, and charge are discussed. Finally, some of the primary challenges facing PNPs are reviewed including formulation instability, reproducibility, device-related factors, patient-related factors, and industrial-level scale-up. Herein, the most important variables of PNPs that shall be defined in any PNPs to be used for pulmonary delivery are defined. Further, this study focuses on the most popular polymers used for this purpose.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.