ArticleNutrients2022
Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors and Their Relationship with 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion in Chinese Adults.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Awareness and Use of Low-Sodium Salt Substitutes and Its Impact on 24-h Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in China-A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Persistent effect of salt reduction in schoolchildren and their families: 1-year follow-up after an application-based cluster randomized controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Comparison of two single-pill dual combination antihypertensive therapies in Chinese patients: a randomized, controlled trial.BMC medicine · 2024Trial
- Article
- Factors associated with poor practice of dietary salt intake among patients with hypertension in a primary health care clinic in Malaysia.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Dietary intake and sources of sodium and potassium, and salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours among rural adults in China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors related to salt and their association with 24-hour urinary sodium excretion in hypertensive patients.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of an Instrument to Assess the Cognitive, Behavioral, and Environmental Factors Related to Sodium Intake in Adult Canadians: The Behavioral Assessment Instrument for Dietary Sodium.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Article
- Dietary Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes and Behaviors in Healthy and Hypertensive Turkish Adults from Food Choice Perspective.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Sex- and age-specific multimorbidity networks in middle-aged inpatients: a network-based comparative study between China and the United Kingdom.Innovation in aging · 2025Article
- The burden of gastric cancer attributed to high salt intake and predictions through the year 2042: a cross-national comparative analysis of China, Japan, and South Korea.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Toward Salt Consumption and Its Association With 24-Hour Urinary Sodium and Potassium Excretion in Adults Living in Mexico City: Cross-Sectional Study.Interactive journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Association between Salt-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviours and 24 h Urinary Salt Excretion in Nepal.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Oil/Salt Use Assessment of Chinese-Style Canteens Based on Consumers' Perception of the Nutrition Environment.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Pertinence of Salt-Related Knowledge and Reported Behaviour on Salt Intake in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Enhancing Public Health Competencies via Action on Salt China - China, 2017-2022.China CDC weekly · 2023Article
- Association between Eating Habits and Sodium Intake among Chinese University Students.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Salt reduction behavior of adults in Anhui province in 2019: a cross-sectional survey of 3,378 participants.Frontiers in public health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Salt intake in China is very high, which increases the risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to assess the levels of salt-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors (KABs) and the factors that influence them and to explore the relationship between the scores of salt-related KAB and 24-h urinary sodium excretion. In 2018, we collected data from 5453 individuals aged 18-75 years from six provinces in China. A face-to-face survey was carried out, focusing on the KAB related to salt reduction. All participants were asked to collect one 24-h urine sample. Of the 5453 participants, 5352 completed urine collection. The mean score for overall KAB was 31.27 (SD = 9.18), which was composed of three elements: knowledge 4.80 (SD = 5.14), attitude 9.33 (SD = 3.93), and behavior 17.14 (SD = 4.43). The average 24-h urinary sodium excretion was 187.70 (SD = 77.48) mmol, which was equivalent to a urinary sodium excretion of 4.32 (SD = 1.78) g/d. We found that salt-related knowledge, attitude, behavior, and overall KAB scores were all inversely associated with 24-h urinary sodium excretion. For every one-point increase in the KAB score, the 24-h urinary sodium excretion decreased by 0.851 mmol (95% CI: -1.095, -0.602). We also found that location (rural/urban), sex, age, and education are associated with salt-related KAB scores. These results suggest that large-scale health education is needed to reduce salt intake in the Chinese population. In particular, efforts should be focused on reaching those who live in rural areas with low educational levels and older people.
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