ArticleJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Combined Silymarin and Cotrimoxazole Therapy Attenuates Pulmonary Fibrosis in Experimental Paracoccidioidomycosis.
Article in Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Flavonoids: biological activities, nutritional and immunological aspects, therapeutic potential, food applications, and human health benefits-A comprehensive review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- A375 melanoma-derived lactate controls A375 melanoma phenotypes by inducing macrophage M2 polarizationPeerJ · 2025Article
- Osteoinductive micro-nano guided bone regeneration membrane for in situ bone defect repair.Stem cell research & therapy · 2024Article
- Advances in Flavonoid Research: Sources, Biological Activities, and Developmental Prospectives.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Silymarin ameliorates peritoneal fibrosis by inhibiting the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2023Article
- Natural plant resource flavonoids as potential therapeutic drugs for pulmonary fibrosis.Heliyon · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), which mainly affects rural workers, is a systemic mycosis caused by the Paracoccidioides genus that induces pulmonary sequelae in most adult patients, causing serious disability and impairing their quality of life. Silymarin is herbal medicine with an effective antifibrotic activity. Considering that in PCM, antifibrotic treatment is still not available in pulmonary fibrosis, we aimed to evaluate combined silymarin and cotrimoxazole (CMX) therapy via the intratracheal route in BALB/c mice infected with P. brasiliensis yeast. After 12 weeks of treatment, the lungs were collected for the determination of fungal burden, production of OH-proline, deposition of collagen fibers, pulmonary concentrations of cytokines, and expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-2. Spleen cell cultures were also performed. Our results showed that infected mice treated with combined silymarin/CMX showed lower deposition of collagen fibers in the lungs and lower pulmonary concentrations of hydroxyproline than the placebo groups. Decreased levels of TGF-β1 and fibronectin and high levels of MMP-2 and IFN-γ were also observed in this group of mice. Collectively, our findings indicate that the combination of antifungal treatment with silymarin has a potent antifibrotic effect associated with an immunomodulatory effect that potentializes the antifungal immune response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.