ArticleJournal of clinical medicine2022
Autoimmune Thyroid Disorders Are More Prevalent in Patients with Celiac Disease: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.
Article in Journal of clinical medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Influence of Nutritional Intervention in the Treatment of Hashimoto's Thyroiditis-A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Postmarketing pharmacovigilance study of levothyroxine based on FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) and Mendelian randomization.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Pseudo-Malabsorption in High Dose Levothyroxine-Resistant Hypothyroidism.JCEM case reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Parameters associated with the development of autoimmune diseases in pediatric onset celiac disease.European journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- The Influence of an Anti-Inflammatory Gluten-Free Diet with EPA and DHA on the Involvement of Maresin and Resolvins in Hashimoto's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- The Role of Gluten in the Development of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases: A Narrative Review.International journal of endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Review
- Vitamin D: An Essential Nutrient in the Dual Relationship between Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases and Celiac Disease-A Comprehensive Review.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Genetically predicted circulating concentrations of micronutrients and risk of autoimmune thyroiditis: a Mendelian randomized study.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Association ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- The Role of Toll-like Receptor 2 (TLR2) in the Development and Progression of Hashimoto's Disease (HD): A Case Study on Female Patients in Poland.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Celiac Disease and Cardiovascular Risk: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Is Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency a Risk Factor for Autoimmune Thyroid Disease? A Retrospective Case-Control Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Thyroid hormones and minerals in immunocorrection of disorders in autoimmune thyroid diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Important denominator between autoimmune comorbidities: a review of class II HLA, autoimmune disease, and the gut.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background. Among patients with celiac disease (CD), there is an increased incidence of autoimmune thyroid disorders (AITDs), with hypothyroidism being more frequent than hyperthyroidism. This retrospective case-control study aimed to explore the prevalence of TDs in a population of adult celiac patients from Northern Sardinia, a geographic area with a high prevalence of autoimmune disorders. Methods. Data were collected from consecutive patients with CD (cases) and without CD (controls) who were undergoing upper endoscopy and referred to a tertiary gastroenterology section of a teaching hospital (University of Sassari, Italy). Thyroid disorders were stratified as (i) autoimmune: including Hashimoto’s disease in euthyroidism or with hypofunction, and Graves’ disease; or (ii) non-autoimmune: thyroid nodules/goiter, iatrogenic thyroid hypo/hyperfunction, and thyroidectomy for any reason, including cancer. Results. Among a total of 8489 participants (females 5839, 64.7%) enrolled, there were 623 (7.3%) celiac patients and 7866 controls (92.7%). The overall frequency of TDs was 1177 (13.9%) and was higher (26.0%) in celiac patients than in controls (12.9%) (p < 0.001). The difference between AITDs (15.4% vs. 7.5%) and no-AITDs (2.7% vs. 1.1%) was statistically significant in CD patients compared with controls, respectively, and prevailed in the fifth and sixth decades. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis was more commonly associated with gland hypofunction. Odds ratios with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the presence of AITDs were calculated, adjusting for sex, age, body mass index, smoking habits, occupation, and residence, and they were 2.387 (95% CI 1.857−3.068, p < 0.001) in CD patients, 5.855 (95% CI 4.434−7.731, p < 0.001) for female sex, and 1.012 (95% CI, 1.007−1.017, p < 0.001) for age. Conclusion. These results suggest the need for surveillance for TDs in patients with CD at onset and during follow-up.
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