ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022
SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines and Adverse Effects in Gynecology and Obstetrics: The First Italian Retrospective Study.
Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Menstrual disorders following COVID-19 vaccination: a review using a systematic search.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2024Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Menstrual Irregularities, Bleeding Patterns, and Cycle Duration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Health science reports · 2025Review
- Reporting rates of abnormal uterine bleeding after COVID-19 vaccination in South Korea.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2025Article
- The "Magnificent Seven" in Oral and Systemic Health against COVID-19.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2025Review
- Efficacy of vaccination during pregnancy in reducing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in infants younger than 12 months. Puglia (Italy), 2021-23.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Association between COVID-19 vaccination and menstruation: a state of the science review.BMJ sexual & reproductive health · 2024Review
- Review
- Menstrual Cycle Disturbances after COVID-19 Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study.International journal of fertility & sterility · 2024Article
- Review
- Safety evaluation of COVID-19 vaccination during early pregnancy: A single-center prospective cohort study of Chinese pregnant women.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Review
- "Lights and Shades" of Fertility Preservation in Transgender Men Patients: A Clinical and Pathological Review.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Relationship between covid-pandemic anxiety and sleep disorder with menstrual disorders among female medical workers.BMC women's health · 2023Article
- A Multi-Institutional Informed Consent Proposal as a Prevention Tool for Combined Oral Contraceptive Intake and Thrombotic Risk.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- mRNA Vaccines against SARS-CoV-2: Advantages and Caveats.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Health and Well-Being through COVID-19 Vaccination: Physical, Oral, and Psychological Effects.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- "GONE WITH THE WIND": The Transitory Effects of COVID-19 on the Gynecological System.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Review
- Histopathological Patterns of Cutaneous Adverse Reaction to Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines: The Integrative Role of Skin Biopsy.Vaccines · 2023Review
- Article
- Effects of Vitamin D on the Renin-Angiotensin System and Acute Childhood Pneumonia.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The most common effects reported by the Italian Medicine Agency following administration of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine are myalgia, soreness to the arm of inoculation, fever, and asthenia. To date, there are no specific and official reports registered by the Italian Medicine Agency on possible alterations of the menstrual cycle, or of the female reproductive system, following the vaccine. Actually, clinical experience showed a spread of transient adverse drug reactions of the menstrual cycle, following the administration of all COVID-19 vaccine types, both mRNA and Adenovirus vectored ones. In this work, we conducted the first retrospective study on Italian patients vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 in the period between April 2021 and April 2022, to report the onset of menstrual changes after the vaccine in order to understand: etiology, duration of possible adverse effects, and the extent of the phenomenon. We recruited 100 women aged 18-45, vaccinated for SARS-CoV-2, who were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of 12 multiple choice questions about the effects of the vaccine on the reproductive system. Thirty-seven of them received three doses of the vaccine, while the remaining 63 received two doses. Symptoms such as delayed menstruation and abnormal uterine bleeding (metrorrhagia, menometrorrhagia, and menorrhagia) were generally reported within the first three weeks of vaccination, especially after the second dose, with a percentage of 23% and 77%, respectively. These preliminary data suggest that this problem may be broader and deserving of further investigation in the future.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.