ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Evolution of Influenza Viruses-Drug Resistance, Treatment Options, and Prospects.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- The global trends and clinical progress in influenza co-infection: a visualization and bibliometric analysis (2005-2025).Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- A neuraminidase-targeting nanobody as a therapeutic candidate against influenza A and B viruses.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- A Novel Cell-Based High-Throughput Screening Model for Inhibitors Targeting Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin-α-2,6-Sialic Acid Interaction.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- Article
- Antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia Coli and Salmonella in poultry production and spread and effect in the one health framework.Poultry science · 2026Review
- The activation of the metabolic oxaloacetate-pyruvate axis restores influenza A virus replication during impaired glycolysis.Virology journal · 2026Article
- An LNP antiviral siRNA drug cocktail delivered intranasally is effective against a range of respiratory viruses.Virology journal · 2026Article
- 3-Amidinophenylalanine-Derived Inhibitors' Antiviral Effect Against H1N1 Influenza A Virus.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Acquisition of amantadine resistance via M gene reassortment in canine H3N2 influenza virus and elucidation of the resistance mechanism.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Bispecific Antibodies: Strategies Available to Optimize Their Safe Delivery in Patients with Multiple Myeloma.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Analysis of influenza surveillance results in Sichuan Province in China, 2023-2025.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Nanomedicine against antimicrobial resistance: mechanistic insights and next-generation therapeutic potential.Frontiers in chemistry · 2026Review
- Pharmacological Effects of Humic Substances and Their Signaling Mechanisms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza: Tracking the Progression from IAV (H5N1) to IAV (H7N9) and Preparing for Emerging Challenges.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Discovery of Influenza Neuraminidase Inhibitors: Structure-Based Virtual Screening and Biological Evaluation of Novel Chemotypes.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Exploring the Anti-Influenza Activity ofMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Influenza-Associated Ocular Complications: A Comprehensive Review of Viral Subtypes, Clinical Presentations, and Vaccination Risks.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Influenza Vaccination Appropriateness: Insights from the Local Health Unit of Catania During the 2023/2024 and 2024/2025 Seasons.Vaccines · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Remdesivir Exposure Leads to Different Evolutionary Pathways That Converge in Moderate Levels of Drug Resistance.Viruses · 2025Article
- Inhibiting kinesin family member 20A disrupts Zika virus entry by blocking internalization.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Viral evolution refers to the genetic changes that a virus accumulates during its lifetime which can arise from adaptations in response to environmental changes or the immune response of the host. Influenza A virus is one of the most rapidly evolving microorganisms. Its genetic instability may lead to large changes in its biological properties, including changes in virulence, adaptation to new hosts, and even the emergence of infectious diseases with a previously unknown clinical course. Genetic variability makes it difficult to implement effective prophylactic programs, such as vaccinations, and may be responsible for resistance to antiviral drugs. The aim of the review was to describe the consequences of the variability of influenza viruses, mutations, and recombination, which allow viruses to overcome species barriers, causing epidemics and pandemics. Another consequence of influenza virus evolution is the risk of the resistance to antiviral drugs. Thus far, one class of drugs, M2 protein inhibitors, has been excluded from use because of mutations in strains isolated in many regions of the world from humans and animals. Therefore, the effectiveness of anti-influenza drugs should be continuously monitored in reference centers representing particular regions of the world as a part of epidemiological surveillance.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.