ArticleGenes2022
Confounding Factors Impacting microRNA Expression in Human Saliva: Methodological and Biological Considerations.
Article in Genes, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 17 citations in OpenAlex.
- Circulating microRNAs: a new era in early detection of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) - a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2026Pooled it
- Exosomal microRNAs in Periodontitis: From Molecular Footprints to Clinical Frontiers.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Effects of extreme mountain ultramarathon on stress-related biomarkers from multiple biological matrices in adult male runners.Physiological reports · 2026Article
- miR-26b-5p responds to aerobic exercise intervention for concussion recovery in adolescent athletes: a pilot trial.Brain injury · 2026Article
- Identification of altered salivary microRNAs in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels affected by mitral valve disease at different ACVIM stages.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Salivary and urinary microRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers of minimal residual disease in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Differentially Expressed Salivary miRNAs in Temporomandibular Disorders.Orthodontics & craniofacial research · 2025Article
- Observational
- A Pilot Study of Saliva MicroRNA Signatures in Children with Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Spitting in the wind?-The challenges of RNA sequencing for biomarker discovery from saliva.International journal of legal medicine · 2024Article
- The presence of ACE2 and regulatory miRNAs (miR-200c-3p and miR-421-5p) in the saliva of periodontitis patients post-COVID-19 vaccination.Frontiers in dental medicine · 2024Article
- Exosomal miRNAs as Biomarkers of Ischemic Stroke.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- The Role of MicroRNAs in Breast Cancer and the Challenges of Their Clinical Application.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Review on the Role of Salivary Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Post-Concussion Syndrome.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Obtaining miRNA from Saliva-Comparison of Sampling and Purification Methods.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
There is growing interest in saliva microRNAs (miRNAs) as non-invasive biomarkers for human disease. Such an approach requires understanding how differences in experimental design affect miRNA expression. Variations in technical methodologies, coupled with inter-individual variability may reduce study reproducibility and generalizability. Another barrier facing salivary miRNA biomarker research is a lack of recognized "control miRNAs". In one of the largest studies of human salivary miRNA to date (922 healthy individuals), we utilized 1225 saliva samples to quantify variability in miRNA expression resulting from aligner selection (Bowtie1 vs. Bowtie2), saliva collection method (expectorated vs. swabbed), RNA stabilizer (presence vs. absence), and individual biological factors (sex, age, body mass index, exercise, caloric intake). Differential expression analyses revealed that absence of RNA stabilizer introduced the greatest variability, followed by differences in methods of collection and aligner. Biological factors generally affected a smaller number of miRNAs. We also reported coefficients of variations for 643 miRNAs consistently present in saliva, highlighting several salivary miRNAs to serve as reference genes. Thus, the results of this analysis can be used by researchers to optimize parameters of salivary miRNA measurement, exclude miRNAs confounded by numerous biologic factors, and identify appropriate miRNA controls.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.