ReviewCancers2022
Links between Breast and Thyroid Cancer: Hormones, Genetic Susceptibility and Medical Interventions.
Review in Cancers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genetic drivers of etiologic heterogeneity in thyroid cancer.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Bioinformatics screening identifies USP9X as a pathogenic gene underlying thyroid and breast cancer comorbidity.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Article
- RMzyme: regulations of RNA-modifying enzymes in humans.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Clinical and Metabolic Factors Associated with Comorbidities of Thyroid and Breast Diseases in Women Aged 25-55 Years.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Breast cancer as the first primary malignancy: clinical pathological characteristics of common cancer combinations.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Exploring the molecular mechanisms of comorbidity between thyroid cancer and breast cancer through multi-omics data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Integrated single-cell and bulk transcriptomic analysis reveals shared pathogenesis and prognostic biomarkers in breast and thyroid cancers.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Risk of second primary thyroid cancer in cancer survivors.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- A review of complex hormone regulation in thyroid cancer: novel insights beyond the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Review
- Radiation Therapy Changed the Second Malignancy Pattern in Rectal Cancer Survivors.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Breast and thyroid glands are two common sites of female malignancies. Since the late 19th century, physicians have found that the cancers in either thyroid or mammary gland might increase the risk of second primary cancers in the other site. From then on, many observational clinical studies have confirmed the hypothesis and more than one theory has been developed to explain the phenomenon. Since the two glands both have secretory functions and are regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, they may share some common oncogenic molecular pathways. However, other risks factors, including medical interventions and hormones, are also observed to play a role. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the associations between the two cancers. The putative mechanisms, such as hormone alteration, autoimmune attack, genetic predisposition and other life-related factors are reviewed and discussed. Medical interventions, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, can also increase the risk of second primary cancers. This review will provide novel insights into the research designs, clinical managements and treatments of thyroid and breast cancer patients.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.