ArticleBrain sciences2022
Sleep Quality Mediates the Effect of Sensitization-Associated Symptoms, Anxiety, and Depression on Quality of Life in Individuals with Post-COVID-19 Pain.
Article in Brain sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Health-related quality of life in COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of EQ-5D studies.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2025Pooled it
- Health-related quality of life changes in patients with Q-fever fatigue syndrome: a four-year follow-up study, 10 years post-infection.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Observational
- Peak alpha frequency is associated with pain severity in Long COVID patients with new-onset chronic pain.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Effects of rTMS over the contralateral M1 combined with NMES on pain and functional mobility in primary frozen shoulder: study protocol for a 4-week double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Psychological factors associated with Long COVID: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Early Effects of a Pain-Informed Movement Program in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Condition Experiencing Persistent Pain: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- The Impact of Post-COVID-19 Conditions on Sleep and Quality of Life in Indonesia: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Article
- Long COVID or Post-COVID-19 Condition: Past, Present and Future Research Directions.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Post-COVID Patients With New-Onset Chronic Pain 2 Years After Infection: Cross-Sectional Study.Pain management nursing : official journal of the American Society of Pain Management Nurses · 2023Article
- Central Sensitization in Cancer Survivors and Its Clinical Implications: State of the Art.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Central Pain Sensitization in Patients with Chronic Plaque Psoriasis.Dermatology and therapy · 2023Article
- ME/CFS and Long COVID share similar symptoms and biological abnormalities: road map to the literature.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Review
- Comparative study of quality of life 9 months post-COVID-19 infection with SARS-CoV-2 of varying degrees of severity: impact of hospitalization vs. outpatient treatment.Frontiers in sociology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
A better understanding of biological and emotional variables associated with health-related quality of life in people with long-COVID is needed. Our aim was to identify potential direct and indirect effects on the relationships between sensitization-associated symptoms, mood disorders such as anxiety/depressive levels, and sleep quality on health-related quality of life in people suffering from post-COVID-19 pain. One hundred and forty-six individuals who were hospitalized due to COVID-19 during the first wave of the pandemic and suffering from long-term post-COVID-19 pain completed different patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), including clinical features, symptoms associated with sensitization of the central nervous system (Central Sensitization Inventory), mood disorders (Hospital Anxiety and Depressive Scale), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and health-related quality of life (paper-based five-level version of EuroQol-5D) in a face-to-face interview conducted at 18.8 (SD 1.8) months after hospitalization. Different mediation models were conducted to assess the direct and indirect effects of the associations among the different variables. The mediation models revealed that sensitization-associated symptoms and depressive levels directly affected health-related quality of life; however, these effects were not statistically significant when sleep quality was included. In fact, the effect of sensitization-associated symptomatology on quality of life (β = -0.10, 95% CI -0.1736, -0.0373), the effect of depressive levels on quality of life (β= -0.09, 95% CI -0.1789, -0.0314), and the effect of anxiety levels on quality of life (β = -0.09, 95% CI -0.1648, -0.0337) were all indirectly mediated by sleep quality. This study revealed that sleep quality mediates the relationship between sensitization-associated symptoms and mood disorders (depressive/anxiety levels) with health-related quality of life in individuals who were hospitalized with COVID-19 at the first wave of the pandemic and reporting post-COVID-19 pain. Longitudinal studies will help to determine the clinical implications of these findings.
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