ArticleCurrent oncology (Toronto, Ont.)2022
Long-Term Toxicities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) in Melanoma Patients.
Article in Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors and Cardiotoxicity: A Comparative Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2024Pooled it
- Five-Year Follow-Up of POLARIS-01 Phase II Trial: Toripalimab as Salvage Monotherapy in Chinese Patients With Advanced Melanoma.The oncologist · 2024Trial
- Development of functional spatial mapping of the tumour immune microenvironment (FuncO:TiME) in advanced melanomas.BJC reports · 2026Article
- The Long-Term Sequelae and Clinical Workload Resulting from Toxicities of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICI) Therapy in Patients with Cancer.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2026Article
- Microbial engraftment and immune regulation during fecal microbiota transplantation and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.Nature communications · 2026Review
- Diagnostic Challenge of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Hypophysitis in Patient With Melanoma.Federal practitioner : for the health care professionals of the VA, DoD, and PHS · 2026Article
- [Could the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors be discontinued after 2 years of application? Pros and cons for the development of a national guideline.]Magyar onkologia · 2026Review
- Implementing Photodynamic Therapy to Activate the IFN-1 Pathway in Melanoma Cells: A Protocol for Inducing Immunogenic Cell Death and Enhancing Dendritic Cell Maturation.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Article
- Steroid-Refractory Cholestatic Immune-Mediated Hepatitis Following Nivolumab Therapy in an Elderly Patient with Metastatic Melanoma: A Rare and Challenging Presentation.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- Consequences of adverse events in cancer immunotherapy combinations - a comprehensive real-world analysis.Immunotherapy · 2025Article
- Adverse drug events of immune checkpoint inhibitors - a retrospective, descriptive real-world data analysis.BMC cancer · 2025Article
- Complete remission of unresectable advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma following nivolumab immunotherapy after chemoradiotherapy: a case report.International cancer conference journal · 2025Article
- Survivorship outcomes in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a scoping review.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2025Article
- Immunotherapy-Related Hypophysitis: A Narrative Review.Cancers · 2025Review
- Circulating memory B-cell receptor repertoire analysis identifies novel candidate antibodies against metastatic melanoma in immunotherapy-responsive patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Prostate cancer immunotherapy-based strategies: an updated review emphasizing immune checkpoint inhibitors.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Impact of Genomic Mutation on Melanoma Immune Microenvironment and IFN-1 Pathway-Driven Therapeutic Responses.Cancers · 2024Article
- Review
- Peritumoral administration of immunomodulatory antibodies as a triple combination suppresses skin tumor growth without systemic toxicity.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
ICI therapy has greatly improved patient outcomes in melanoma, but at the cost of immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Data on the chronicity of irAEs, especially in real-world settings, are currently limited. We performed a retrospective chart review of 161 adult patients with melanoma treated with at least one cycle of ICI regimen in the adjuvant or metastatic setting: 129 patients received PD-1 inhibitor monotherapy and 32 received dual immunotherapy. Patients were grouped by duration of irAE: permanent (no complete resolution), long-term (resolution over a period ≥ 6 months), transient (resolution over a period < 6 months), or no irAEs. A total of 283 irAEs were reported in the whole patient population. Sixty-six (41.0%) patients developed permanent irAEs, fifteen (9.3%) experienced long-term irAEs as their longest-lasting toxicity, thirty-four (21.1%) developed transient irAEs only, and forty-six (28.6%) experienced no irAEs. Permanent irAEs occurred in 21 (65.6%) patients treated with dual immunotherapy and in 45 (34.9%) patients treated with monotherapy. The majority of permanent irAEs were endocrine-related (36.0%) or skin-related (32.4%). Grade 3-4 permanent irAEs occurred in 20 (12.4%) patients and included toxicities such as adrenal insufficiency, myocarditis, and myelitis. Fifty-three (32.9%) patients were still requiring treatment for long-term or permanent irAEs 6 months or more following the completion of ICI therapy, including twenty-four patients on thyroid hormone replacement and twenty-two on oral steroids. ICI treatment was temporarily interrupted for 64 (22.6%) irAEs and permanently discontinued due to irAEs in 38 patients (13.6% of irAEs, 23.6% of patients); additionally, 4 (2.5%) patients died of irAEs. Our findings show that ICI treatment in melanoma is associated with a wide range of toxicities that can be permanent and may have long-lasting impacts on patients, which should therefore be discussed when obtaining consent for treatment.
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