ArticleBiology2022
Internalisation of RGD-Engineered Extracellular Vesicles by Glioblastoma Cells.
Article in Biology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exosomal circ_0050688 Shapes a Chemoresistant Microenvironment by Driving Spatial Resistance Spreading in Glioblastoma via the MDM2 Pathway.Biomolecules · 2026Article
- The Proteo-Transcriptome of Extracellular Vesicles and Particles Is Largely Preserved After Cryopreservation.Journal of extracellular biology · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicles in Liver Disease: Redefining Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies.International journal of stem cells · 2026Review
- Review
- cRGD-Functionalized macrophage extracellular vesicles loaded with GSK2033 enhance T cell antitumor immunity in GBM by disrupting the LXR/ABCA1-Mediated Myelin lipid transfer axis.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Article
- Bioengineering of extracellular vesicles with scaffold proteins for drug delivery.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2026Review
- Ropivacaine-loaded tumor-derived vesicles targeting CCNB1 and autophagy in nasopharyngeal carcinoma.Materials today. Bio · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles for targeted drug delivery: advances in surface modification strategies and therapeutic applications.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Review
- Research progress on mRNA drug delivery strategies in the nervous system.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2025Review
- Recent advances in engineered exosome-based therapies for ocular vascular disease.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2025Review
- Glioblastoma at the crossroads: current understanding and future therapeutic horizons.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Integrin beta 1 and fibronectin mediate extracellular vesicle uptake and functional RNA delivery.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2025Article
- Extracellular vesicles in tumor immunity: mechanisms and novel insights.Molecular cancer · 2025Review
- Extracellular Vesicle-Based Therapeutic Cargo Delivery for Cancer Therapy.International journal of nanomedicine · 2025Review
- Extracellular vesicles as emerging players in glaucoma: Mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic targets.Vision research · 2025Review
- Current Non-Metal Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutic Approaches for Glioblastoma Treatment.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- Quenched Zwitterionic Cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp-Containing Pentapeptide Probe for Real-Time Brain Tumor Imaging.Pharmaceutics · 2024Article
- Extracellular Vesicles as Drug Delivery System for Cancer Therapy.Pharmaceutics · 2024Review
- Therapeutic and Diagnostic Potential of Exosomes as Drug Delivery Systems in Brain Cancer.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Modification of Extracellular Vesicle Surfaces: An Approach for Targeted Drug Delivery.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive CNS tumour with no efficient treatment, partly due to the retention of anticancer drugs by the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and their insufficient concentration in tumour cells. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are attractive drug carriers because of their biocompatibility and ability to cross the BBB. Additional efficiency can be achieved by adding GBM-cell-specific ligands. GBM cells overexpress integrins; thus, one of the most straightforward targeting strategies is to modify EVs with integrin-recognising molecules. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of genetically engineered EVs with elevated membrane levels of the integrin-binding peptide RGD (RGD-EVs) against GBM cells in vitro. For RGD-EV production, stable RGD-HEK 293FT cells were generated by using a pcDNA4/TO-Lamp2b-iRGD-HA expression vector and performing antibiotic-based selection. RGD-EVs were isolated from RGD-HEK 293FT-cell-conditioned medium and characterised by size (Zetasizer), specific markers (ELISA) and RGD expression (Western Blot). Internalisation by human GBM cells HROG36 and U87 MG and BJ-5ta human fibroblasts was assessed by fluorescent EV RNA labelling. The effect of doxorubicin-loaded RGD-EVs on GBM cells was evaluated by the metabolic PrestoBlue viability assay; functional GAPDH gene knockdown by RGD-EV-encapsulated siRNA was determined by RT-qPCR. RGD-EVs had 40% higher accumulation in GBM cells (but not in fibroblasts) and induced significantly stronger toxicity by loaded doxorubicin and GAPDH silencing by loaded siRNA compared to unmodified EVs. Thus, RGD modification substantially increases the specific delivery capacity of HEK 293FT-derived EVs to GBM cells.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.