ReviewBiomedicines2022
Checkpoint Inhibitors Immunotherapy in Metastatic Melanoma: When to Stop Treatment?
Review in Biomedicines, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 16 citations in OpenAlex.
- miRNAs Related to Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Response: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Five-Year Follow-Up of POLARIS-01 Phase II Trial: Toripalimab as Salvage Monotherapy in Chinese Patients With Advanced Melanoma.The oncologist · 2024Trial
- [Could the administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors be discontinued after 2 years of application? Pros and cons for the development of a national guideline.]Magyar onkologia · 2026Review
- Taxonomy-free fecal microbiome profiles enable robust prediction of immunotherapy response and toxicity in melanoma.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Review
- Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocyte Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Advanced Melanoma: From Patient Identification to Posttreatment Management.Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology · 2025Review
- Treatment Effect Waning in Immuno-oncology Health Technology Assessments: A Review of Assumptions and Supporting Evidence with Proposals to Guide Modelling.PharmacoEconomics · 2024Review
- A Retrospective Analysis of the Prognostic Factors and Adverse Events in the Treatment of Mucosal Melanoma in a Single Centre.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Article
- Case report: Is severe toxicity the price to pay for high sensitivity to checkpoint inhibitors immunotherapy in desmoplastic melanoma?Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- The Effectiveness of Cancer Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Retreatment and Rechallenge-A Systematic Review.Cancers · 2023Review
- Features and Long-Term Outcomes of Stage IV Melanoma Patients Achieving Complete Response Under Anti-PD-1-Based Immunotherapy.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) has significantly improved the survival of metastatic melanoma (MM) with a significant proportion of patients obtaining long-lasting responses. However, ICI also exposes patients to new, heavy, and sometimes irreversible toxicities. Thus, identifying the minimal amount of treatment time is extremely urgent.
methodsWe researched English peer-reviewed literature from electronic databases (MEDLINE and PubMed) until July 2022 with the aim of evaluating the clinical outcomes after the cessation of ICI therapy due to elective study plans, clinician-patient sharing, and adverse events.
resultsAlthough most of the data are from retrospective studies, considering that most patients with major responses maintain it after treatment cessation, it is proposed that for complete response (CR)/near CR, a further six months of therapy after best response may be considered enough. For partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD), treatment must be continued for at least 2 years and, in some cases, indefinitely, based on residual disease, the patient's will, and the toxic profile. Of note, in spite of the best response, 25-30% of patients relapsed, and, when retreated, responded far less than in front-line treatment.
conclusionsMost of the data being from retrospective and heterogeneous experiences, their grade of evidence is limited and no consensus has been reached on the optimal treatment duration. Controlled prospective studies are needed.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.