ArticleCell reports2022
NKT cells adopt a glutamine-addicted phenotype to regulate their homeostasis and function.
Article in Cell reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glutamine metabolism in health and disease.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Unraveling the role of glutamine metabolism in cancer: from cell death mechanisms to tumor microenvironment modulation.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2026Review
- Convergent neuroimmune signaling underlying rapid antidepressant response to ketamine and psychedelics.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Targeting metabolic reprogramming to enhance adoptive immunotherapy: emerging mechanisms and translational perspectives.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms of Epstein-Barr Virus in the pathogenesis of lymphomas and new opportunities for precision medicine.Discover oncology · 2026Review
- Synergistic TCR-independent action of IL-33 and IL-12 drive a potent IFNγ secretory program in human circulating MAIT cells with immunomodulatory properties.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Weight Loss-Associated Remodeling of Adipose Tissue Immunometabolism.Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity · 2025Review
- Targeting glutamine metabolism as a potential target for cancer treatment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2025Review
- Energy metabolism in health and diseases.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Metabolic footprint and logic through the T cell life cycle.Current opinion in immunology · 2024Review
- Eating for immunity: how diet shapes our defenses.Current opinion in immunology · 2024Review
- Approaches to investigate tissue-resident innate lymphocytes metabolism at the single-cell level.Nature communications · 2024Review
- Immune evasion: An imperative and consequence of MYC deregulation.Molecular oncology · 2024Review
- NKT Cells and Other Innate T Cells: The Immune Cells That Do Not Follow the Rules.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
- A glutamine tug-of-war between cancer and immune cells: recent advances in unraveling the ongoing battle.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2024Review
- Elevated glutamate impedes anti-HIV-1 CD8 + T cell responses in HIV-1-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Glutamine Deficiency Promotes Immune and Endothelial Cell Dysfunction in COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Natural killer T (NKT) cells operate distinctly different metabolic programming from CD4 T cells, including a strict requirement for glutamine to regulate cell homeostasis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Here, we report that at a steady state, NKT cells have higher glutamine levels than CD4 T cells and that NKT cells increase glutaminolysis on activation. Activated NKT cells use glutamine to fuel the tricarboxylic acid cycle and glutathione synthesis. In addition, glutamine-derived nitrogen enables protein glycosylation via the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP). Each of these branches of glutamine metabolism seems to be critical for NKT cell homeostasis and mitochondrial functions. Glutaminolysis and HBP differentially regulate interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon γ (IFNγ) production. Glutamine metabolism appears to be controlled by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling. These findings highlight a distinct metabolic requirement of NKT cells compared with CD4 T cells, which may have therapeutic implications in the treatment of certain nutrient-restricted diseases.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.