ArticlePloS one2022
Rate of virological failure and HIV-1 drug resistance among HIV-infected adolescents in routine follow-up on health facilities in Cameroon.
Article in PloS one, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations in Children: A Systematic Review of Global Genotypic Evidence (2014-2026).Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Pooled it
- Prevalence of HIV drug resistance among patients experiencing first-line treatment failure in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of optimized antiretroviral therapy on virological and nutritional outcomes among HIV infected adolescents in Cameroon.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Nationwide patterns of HIV drug resistance and high viral load in Sub-Saharan African countries.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2026Article
- HIV-1 genetic diversity and reverse transcriptase resistance mutations in Benin before dolutegravir era, West Africa.PloS one · 2026Article
- Drug resistance mutations among people living with HIV and ART failure in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2025Article
- The cumulative prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in perinatal HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Observational
- Aging of adult lifetime survivors with perinatal HIV.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2025Review
- HIV Virologic Suppression and Mental Well-being in Adolescents and Young Adults Living with HIV.International journal of MCH and AIDS · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- HIV1 drug resistance among patients experiencing first-line treatment failure in Ethiopia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.Systematic reviews · 2024Article
- Adults with Perinatally Acquired HIV; Emerging Clinical Outcomes and Data Gaps.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2024Review
- Incidence and predictors of virological failure among children receiving first-line anti-retroviral treatment in public comprehensive specialized hospitals found in Northeast Ethiopia: a retrospective follow-up study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Article
- Added Value of Next Generation Sequencing in Characterizing the Evolution of HIV-1 Drug Resistance in Kenyan Youth.Viruses · 2023Article
- Behavioral and emotional difficulties and HIV treatment outcomes among HIV-infected children in rural southwestern China.Child and adolescent psychiatry and mental health · 2023Article
- High risk of virologic failure among HIV-infected children and adolescents routinely followed-up in Littoral region of Cameroon.PloS one · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the rates of virological failure (VF) and HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) amongst adolescents on antiretroviral Therapy (ART). A retrospectively designed study was conducted in 10 healthcare centers for adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) in the two main cities of Cameroon (Yaoundé and Douala), from November 2018 to May 2019. Sociodemographic, clinical, therapeutic and laboratory parameters were collected from medical records. All enrolled ALHIV had viral load (VL) measurements following the national guidelines. All patients with a VL ≥ 1000 copies/ml were called to perform genotyping tests. The chi-square test was used to determine the factors associated with VF. Out of the 1316 medical records of ALHIV, we included 1083 ALHIV having a VL result. Among them, 276 (25.5%) were experiencing VF, and VF was significantly higher in ALHIV with suboptimal adherence (p<0.001), older adolescents (p<0.05), those who lived outside the city where they were receiving ART (p<0.006), severely immunocompromised (p<0.01) and started ART at infancy (p<0.02). Among the 45/276 (16.3%) participants with an available genotyping resistance testing (GRT) result, the overall rate of HIVDR was 93.3% (42/45). The most common mutations were K103N (n = 21/42, 52.3%) resulting in high-level resistance to Efavirenz and Nevirapine, followed by M184V (n = 20/42, 47.6%) and thymidine analog mutations (n = 15/42, 35.7%) associated with high-level resistance to Lamivudine and Zidovudine respectively. The high rate of VF and HIVDR among ALHIV regularly followed in health facilities in Cameroon highlights the need to develop interventions adapted to an adolescent-centered approach to preserve future ART options.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.