Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36287994›Full record

ReviewTropical medicine and infectious disease2022

Diagnostic Methods of Common Intestinal Protozoa: Current and Future Immunological and Molecular Methods.

Loeki Enggar Fitri, Didi Candradikusuma, Yulia Dwi Setia, Purwa Adrianta Wibawa, Agustin Iskandar, Nuning Winaris, Aulia Rahmi Pawestri

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Tropical medicine and infectious disease, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Journal of medical microbiology · 2026
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Analysis of Reported Cases ofMicroorganisms · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Amebic liver abscess: An update.World journal of hepatology · 2024
    Review
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Loeki Enggar FitriDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-4880-1048
Didi CandradikusumaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
Yulia Dwi SetiaDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
Purwa Adrianta WibawaDepartment of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
Agustin IskandarDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.
Nuning WinarisDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0001-5941-7095
Aulia Rahmi PawestriDepartment of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia.ORCID 0000-0002-8308-9930
University of Brawijaya · ID

Funding

the Organization of Research and Community Service Universitas Brawijaya 2021 537.49.2/UN10.C10/PN/2021
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intestinal protozoan infection is a persisting public health problem affecting the populations of developing countries in the tropical and subtropical regions. The diagnosis of intestinal protozoa remains a challenge especially in developing countries due to a shortage of laboratory facilities, limited health funding, and the remoteness of communities. Despite still being widely used, conventional diagnoses using microscopy and staining methods pose important limitations, particularly due to their low sensitivities and specificities. The selection of diagnostic methods needs to be carefully considered based on the objective of examination, availability of resources, and the expected parasite to be found. In this review, we describe various immunodiagnosis and molecular diagnostic methods for intestinal protozoa infection, including their advantages, disadvantages, and suitability for different settings, with a focus on

Indexed as

Cryptosporidium spp.Entamoeba histolyticaGiardia spp.immunodiagnosismolecular diagnosis

Identifiers

PMID36287994
PMCPMC9606991
OpenAlexW4296825887

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.