ArticleBreast cancer research and treatment2022
Patterns of breast cancer second recurrences in patients after mastectomy.
Article in Breast cancer research and treatment, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Machine learning prediction of breast cancer local recurrence localization, and distant metastasis after local recurrences.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Metaplastic carcinoma of the breast mimicking breast implant-associated squamous cell carcinoma: a challenging differential diagnosis.Case reports in plastic surgery & hand surgery · 2025Article
- Determining the Need for Metastatic Staging in Patients with Bilateral Breast Cancers.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Article
- The molecular landscape of breast mucoepidermoid carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionLittle is known about second recurrences in breast cancer patients, especially in patients with mastectomy. We aimed to determine the risk factors, prevalence and patterns of second recurrence in mastectomy patients after first recurrence.
methodsStage I-III breast cancer patients treated at a tertiary institution from 1st September 2005 to 31st October 2017 and developed first and second recurrences after mastectomy were retrospectively reviewed. We excluded patients with bilateral cancers and patients who were lost to follow-up. The demographics, pathological and recurrence data were collected from a prospectively maintained database and analysed.
resultsOf the 1619 mastectomy patients, 214 (13.2%) patients developed recurrences at a mean 39.9 months from primary cancer diagnosis. 23, 8 and 183 had isolated chest wall recurrences (CWR), regional and systemic metastases, respectively. Excluding 2 CWR patients without surgery, second recurrences occurred in 3/21 (14.3%) and 3/8 (37.5%) in patients with CWR and regional metastasis at 27.7 months (range: 5-42) and 32 months (range: 18-40), respectively. In both groups, systemic metastasis as second recurrence occurred within 2 years after first recurrence, whilst locoregional second recurrences occurred later. No risk factors for second recurrence were identified.
conclusionIn patients with mastectomy, second recurrences occurred in 20.7% of patients with treated locoregional first recurrence, with no risk factors identified. Systemic metastases manifesting as second recurrence occurred in the first 2 years after first recurrence. Continued clinical surveillance and restaging patients in the first 2 years after first locoregional recurrence may enable early prognostication and treatment with the newer metastatic drugs.
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