ReviewEFORT open reviews2022
The prognosis of ankle fractures: a systematic review.
Review in EFORT open reviews, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Likelihood of secondary surgery due to osteoarthritis following ankle fracture fixation: a systematic review.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2026Pooled it
- A randomized prospective clinical study comparing wide-awake local anesthesia no tourniquet (WALANT) and spinal anesthesia in the surgical treatment of ankle fractures.Ulusal travma ve acil cerrahi dergisi = Turkish journal of trauma & emergency surgery : TJTES · 2025Trial
- [Long-term outcomes after ankle fracture-Where do we stand?]Unfallchirurgie (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Article
- Development and incremental value assessment of a risk prediction model for post-traumatic osteoarthritis following ankle fracture surgery: a prospective study.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Healthcare Utilization and Recovery Duration After Ankle Fracture: A Claims-Based Study of Timeline, Costs and Complications.Journal of evaluation in clinical practice · 2026Article
- Molecular-biomechanical phenotyping of ankle osteoarthritis: from synovial biomarkers to weight-bearing digital signatures.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Machine learning prediction of post-traumatic osteoarthritis based on three-dimensional printing-derived joint congruence biomechanics in ankle fractures.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- [Clinical study on reduction of posterior malleolar fractures via modified Rammelt transfibular approach].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025Article
- Posterior Malleolar Fractures: From the "Forgotten Fragment" to Modern Concepts in Management.Cureus · 2025Review
- Radiology and clinical prognosis of posterior malleolar fractures with different Step-off levels.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2025Article
- Efficacy analysis of arthroscopic reduction combined with orthopedic robot-guided screw placement for Hawkins type II fractures of the talus neck.Journal of orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics and Traumatology · 2025Article
- [Clinical application of "talus home technique" in pronation open ankle fractures].Zhongguo xiu fu chong jian wai ke za zhi = Zhongguo xiufu chongjian waike zazhi = Chinese journal of reparative and reconstructive surgery · 2025Article
- Functional and Radiological Outcomes of Medial Malleolus Fracture Fixation Using Headless Compression Screws.Cureus · 2025Article
- Osteoarthritis after an ankle fracture: we can't really avoid it.Musculoskeletal surgery · 2023Article
- Treatment strategies for complex ankle fractures-current developments summarized in a narrative review.Annals of translational medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The aim of this study was to update the scientific evidence for ankle fracture prognosis by addressing radiographic osteoarthritis, time course and prognostic factors. A systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Studies were included if they were randomized controlled trials, controlled trials or observational studies, including case series and case-control studies investigating radiologically confirmed osteoarthritis in adults with a classified ankle fracture, treated with or without surgery, with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Also included were studies examining prognostic factors predicting radiologically confirmed osteoarthritis. Tibial plafond and talus fractures were excluded. Thirty-four studies were included examining 3447 patients. Extracted data included study type, inclusion and exclusion criteria, age, number of patients, number of fractures according to the author-reported classification method, radiological osteoarthritis, follow-up period, prognostic factors, and treatment. Severe heterogeneity was visible in the analyses (I2 > 90%), reflecting clinical heterogeneity possibly arising from the presence of osteoarthritis at baseline, the classifications used for the fractures and for osteoarthritis. The incidence of osteoarthritis was 25% (95% CI: 18-32) and 34% (95% CI: 23-45) for more severe fractures with involvement of the posterior malleolus. The severity of the trauma, as reflected by the fracture classification, was the most important prognostic factor for the development of radiographic osteoarthritis, but there is also a risk with simpler injuries. The period within which osteoarthritis develops or becomes symptomatic with an indication for treatment could not be specified.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.