ArticleMarine drugs2022
Astaxanthin Protection against Neuronal Excitotoxicity via Glutamate Receptor Inhibition and Improvement of Mitochondrial Function.
Article in Marine drugs, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Palmitoyl Acyltransferase Zdhhc17 Promotes Functional Recovery After Spinal Cord Injury by Targeting the Nuclear Transport Factors Kpna2 and Ipo9.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Healing from the Ocean: Targeting Shared Mechanisms in Autism and Epilepsy Using Algae-Derived Compounds.Marine drugs · 2026Review
- Neurodegenerative diseases and immune system: From pathogenic mechanism to therapy.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Advances in the Core Role and Mechanisms of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Alzheimer's Disease.Brain and behavior · 2026Review
- Caveolin-1 Attenuates Excitotoxic Signaling by Regulating NMDA, AMPA, and Kainate Receptor-Mediated Calcium Influx in Hippocampal Neuronal Cultures.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective effects of ursodeoxycholic acid in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease.Neuroprotection (Chichester, England) · 2026Review
- Neto2 Phosphorylation Promotes Neuronal Loss in KA-Induced Epileptic Rat Hippocampus by Upregulating the Interaction with GluK2.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Nanotechnology for ischemic stroke treatment: addressing challenges across stroke management stages.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- Synaptic mitochondrial dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic strategies.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Molecular mechanisms of excitotoxicity and their relevance to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases-an update.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2025Review
- Role of Glutamate Excitotoxicity in Glioblastoma Growth and Its Implications in Treatment.Cell biology international · 2025Review
- The Advancements of Marine Natural Products in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Study Based on Cell and Animal Experiments.Marine drugs · 2025Review
- Astaxanthin Inhibits Ferroptosis of Hippocampal Neurons in Kainic Acid-Induced Epileptic Mice by Activating the Nrf2/GPX4 Signaling Pathway.CNS neuroscience & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Impact of Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammation on Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum CaACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
- Fucoxanthin Inhibits the NMDA and AMPA Receptors Through Regulating the Calcium Response on Substantia Gelatinosa Neurons of the Trigeminal Subnucleus Caudalis in Juvenile Mice.Neural plasticity · 2025Article
- Astaxanthin has a beneficial influence on pain-related symptoms and opioid-induced hyperalgesia in mice with diabetic neuropathy-evidence from behavioral studies.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2024Article
- Natural Bioactive Compounds from Macroalgae and Microalgae for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: A Review.The Yale journal of biology and medicine · 2024Review
- Astaxanthin Inhibits HMarine drugs · 2024Article
- Inhibitory Role of L-theanine, a Structural Analogue of Glutamate, against GluR5 Kainate Receptor and its Prospective Utility against Excitotoxicity.Central nervous system agents in medicinal chemistry · 2024Article
- Effects of Walnut and Pumpkin on Selective Neurophenotypes of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Case Study.Nutrients · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Excitotoxicity is known to associate with neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington's disease, as well as aging, stroke, trauma, ischemia and epilepsy. Excessive release of glutamate, overactivation of glutamate receptors, calcium overload, mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation are a few of the suggested key mechanisms. Astaxanthin (AST), a carotenoid, is known to act as an antioxidant and protect neurons from excitotoxic injuries. However, the exact molecular mechanism of AST neuroprotection is not clear. Thus, in this study, we investigated the role of AST in neuroprotection in excitotoxicity. We utilized primary cortical neuronal culture and live cell fluorescence imaging for the study. Our results suggest that AST prevents neuronal death, reduces ROS formation and decreases the abnormal mitochondrial membrane depolarization induced by excitotoxic glutamate insult. Additionally, AST modulates intracellular calcium levels by inhibiting peak and irreversible secondary sustained calcium levels in neurons. Furthermore, AST regulates the ionotropic glutamate subtype receptors NMDA, AMPA, KA and mitochondrial calcium. Moreover, AST decreases NMDA and AMPA receptor protein expression levels, while KA remains unaffected. Overall, our results indicate that AST protects neurons from excitotoxic neuronal injury by regulating ionotropic glutamate receptors, cytosolic secondary calcium rise and mitochondrial calcium buffering. Hence, AST could be a promising therapeutic agent against excitotoxic insults in neurodegenerative diseases.
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