ArticleClinical nursing research2023
Depression, Anxiety, and Cigarette Smoking Among Patients with Tuberculosis.
Article in Clinical nursing research, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of smoking with depression among tuberculosis patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC public health · 2025Pooled it
- Article
- Patients', caregivers' and healthcare workers' perspectives on integrating anxiety care in tuberculosis services in Pakistan: a qualitative interview study.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- Network analysis of symptom clusters among patients with pulmonary tuberculosis: a cross-sectional study.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- Identification of immune infiltration and cuproptosis-related molecular clusters in tuberculosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Smoking adversely affects tuberculosis (TB) outcomes and may be associated with depression and anxiety among people diagnosed with TB in Botswana. We conducted a cross-sectional study among patients newly diagnosed with TB in Gaborone, Botswana, evaluating factors associated with self-reported cigarette smoking. We performed Poisson regression analyses with robust variance to examine whether depressive and anxiety symptoms were associated with smoking. Among 180 participants with TB enrolled from primary health clinics, depressive symptoms were reported in 47 (26.1%) participants and anxiety symptoms were reported in 85 (47.2%) participants. Overall, 45 (25.0%) participants reported current smoking. Depressive symptoms were associated with a higher prevalence of smoking (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR]: 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.29-3.25) in the adjusted analysis. The association between anxiety symptoms and smoking did not reach statistical significance (aPR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.77-2.05). Future studies should further investigate these associations when addressing TB care.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.