ArticleArchives of Razi Institute2022
Effects of Ketorolac, Xylazine, and Bupivacaine Multimodal Analgesia on Goats.
Article in Archives of Razi Institute, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparison of two blind brachial plexus blocks in goat cadavers.Journal of advanced veterinary and animal research · 2025Article
- Comparison of the Effect of Adding Dexmedetomidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine for Postoperative Pain Management in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Rotator Cuff Repair - A Randomized Clinical Trial.Advanced biomedical research · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the effect of some of the analgesic drugs, such as Xylazine, Ketorolac, and Bupivacaine alone/mixed, on analgesia scores in the local breed goats. This research was performed on 35 male and female local breed goats within the age range of 6-8 months with an average weight of 17±3 Kg. The animals were divided into seven groups (n=5). The first group received Xylazine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg BW through intramuscular injection (IM), while the second group was administered Ketorolac at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW through IM. The third group was administered Bupivacaine at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW through subcutaneous injection (SC). The fourth group was administered ketorolac at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW through IM and after 1 h was administered xylazine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg BW through IM. The fifth group was administered Bupivacaine at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW through SC and after 1 h was administered xylazine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg BW through IM. The sixth group was administered a mixture of Bupivacaine and ketorolac at the dose of 2 mg/kg BW through SC and 2 mg/kg BW through IM, respectively. The seventh group was administered Bupivacaine at a dose of 2 mg/kg BW through SC and ketorolac at the dose of 2 mg/kg BW through IM simultaneously. After 1 h, the seventh group was administered xylazine at the dose of 0.1 mg/kg BW through IM. Analgesia scores were evaluated every 10 min from the starting point for 180 min to determine values, such as respiratory and heart rate as well as rectal temperature. Moreover, the analgesic degree was examined for the head, flanks, hind limb, forelimb, and tail every 10 min. The recorded data in the current study revealed that the seventh group had a higher analgesic effect, compared to the other groups depending on the analgesia of the head, tail, flank, forelimb, and hindlimb. In the end, the group that received the mixture or combination of Bupivacaine (2 mg/kg BW-SC) and ketorolac (2 mg/kg BW-IM) followed by the administration of xylazine at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg BW after 1 h had a short period of onset of analgesia and showed long analgesia time and more depth, compared to other groups and without ataxia.
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