ArticleHeliyon2022
A new innovative breakthrough in the production of salt from bittern using a spray dryer.
Article in Heliyon, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It carries an expression of concern. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
- Expression of concern
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spray dryer had long been used to dry liquid materials and produce dry crystalline products. However, the drying of the bittern to produce quality salt crystals has not been widely published. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of drying conditions of the bittern using a spray dryer to produce salt with a high natrium chloride (NaCl) content. Drying was carried out in the hot air temperature (105-125 °C), drying air flow rate (25-45 ml/min), feed flow rate (20-30 ml/min), and concentration of maltodextrin (10-30%). The parameters were observed water content, NaCl content, yield, and mean particle diameter size (MPDS). The results showed that the inlet air temperature of 125 °C can significantly reduce the water content faster and produce higher NaCl levels than the inlet air temperature of 105 °C. The salt crystals produced at higher maltodextrin concentrations have lower water content and high NaCl content. The best-operating conditions are at a hot air temperature of 125 °C, a drying airflow rate of 45 m/s, and a maltodextrin concentration of 25% because it produces salt crystals with high NaCl content. Overall, these results indicate that the bittern can be dried using a spray dryer with potential NaCl content as a raw material for the pharmaceutical industry.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.