Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36280826›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022

Use of non-governmental maternity services and pregnancy outcomes among undocumented women: a cohort study from Norway.

Frode Eick, Odd Martin Vallersnes, Heidi E Fjeld, Ingvil Krarup Sørbye, Guro Storkås, Marthe Ekrem, Marie Børmer, Sara Andrea Løberg, Cathrine Ebbing, Nanna Voldner and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.6field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Observational
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.

Frode EickDepartment of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Postboks 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway. frode.eick@medisin.uio.no.
Odd Martin VallersnesDepartment of General Practice, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Heidi E FjeldDepartment of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Postboks 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.
Ingvil Krarup SørbyeDepartment of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Guro StorkåsFaculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Marthe EkremFaculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Marie BørmerFaculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Sara Andrea LøbergDivision of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Akershus University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Cathrine EbbingDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Haukeland University Hospital, and Department of clinical medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
Nanna VoldnerFaculty of Health Studies, VID specialized university, Oslo, Norway.
Cecilie DahlDepartment of Community Medicine and Global Health, Institute of Health and Society, University of Oslo, Postboks 1130 Blindern, 0318, Oslo, Norway.
University of Oslo · NOAkershus University Hospital · NOHaukeland University Hospital · NOOslo University Hospital · NOUniversity of Bergen · NOVID Specialized University · NO

Funding

EkstraStiftelsen Helse og Rehabilitering (Stiftelsen Dam) ​​2021/FO347363
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIn 2011 Norway granted undocumented women the right to antenatal care and to give birth at a hospital but did not include them in the general practitioner and reimbursement schemes. As a response to limited access to health care, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) have been running health clinics for undocumented migrants in Norway's two largest cities. To further facilitate universal health coverage, there is a need to investigate how pregnant undocumented women use NGO clinics and how this affects their maternal health. We therefore investigated the care received, occurrence of pregnancy-related complications and pregnancy outcomes in women receiving antenatal care at these clinics.

methodsIn this historic cohort study we included pregnant women aged 18-49 attending urban NGO clinics from 2009 to 2020 and retrieved their medical records from referral hospitals. We compared women based on region of origin using log-binominal regression to estimate relative risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

resultsWe identified 582 pregnancies in 500 women during the study period. About half (46.5%) the women sought antenatal care after gestational week 12, and 25.7% after week 22. The women had median 1 (IQR 1-3) antenatal visit at the NGO clinics, which referred 77.7% of the women to public health care. A total of 28.4% of women were referred for induced abortion. In 205 retrieved deliveries in medical records, there was a 45.9% risk for any adverse pregnancy outcome. The risk of stillbirth was 1.0%, preterm birth 10.3%, and emergency caesarean section 19.3%.

conclusionPregnant undocumented women who use NGO clinics receive substandard antenatal care and have a high risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes despite low occurrence of comorbidities. To achieve universal health coverage, increased attention should be given to the structural vulnerabilities of undocumented women and to ensure that adequate antenatal care is accessible for them.

Indexed as

Pregnancy ComplicationsPremature BirthCesarean SectionCohort StudiesFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornPregnancyPregnancy OutcomePrenatal CareAntenatal careNon-governmental organizationsPregnancyStructural vulnerabilityUndocumented migrants

Identifiers

PMID36280826
PMCPMC9589618
OpenAlexW4307379836

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.