ArticleEpidemiology and infection2022
Foodborne illness outbreaks linked to unpasteurised milk and relationship to changes in state laws - United States, 1998-2018.
Article in Epidemiology and infection, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment of Human H5N1 Infection From Consumption of Fluid Cow's Milk.Risk analysis : an official publication of the Society for Risk Analysis · 2026Article
- Quantitative microbial risk assessment of human H5N1 infection from consumption of fluid cow's milk.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- County of San Diego, California, investigatesEpidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Inactivation of Avian Influenza Virus in Raw Milk Kefir.Food and environmental virology · 2026Article
- Trends in foodborne outbreaks and outbreak-associated illnesses using a Bayesian trend model - United States, 1998-2018.PloS one · 2026Article
- Article
- Raw Milk as a Source ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Evidence of diversification and geographic separation in a lineage ofMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- Portable and affordable device for on-site quantitative detection of somatic cells in milk.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- Contributing Factors of Foodborne Illness Outbreaks - National Outbreak Reporting System, United States, 2014-2022.Morbidity and mortality weekly report. Surveillance summaries (Washington, D.C. : 2002) · 2025Article
- Whole genome sequencing identifies exotoxin and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Staphylococcus aureus from Maine dairy farms.BMC veterinary research · 2025Article
- Microbiological Analysis Conducted on Raw Milk Collected During Official Sampling in Liguria (North-West Italy) over a Ten-Year Period (2014-2023).Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Trends in Burdens of Disease by Transmission Source (USA, 2005-2020) and Hazard Identification for Foods: Focus on Milkborne Disease.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2024Article
- Responding to outbreaks of illness linked to unpasteurized milk: A needs assessment of state health and agriculture departments.Zoonoses and public health · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Consumption of unpasteurised milk in the United States has presented a public health challenge for decades because of the increased risk of pathogen transmission causing illness outbreaks. We analysed Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System data to characterise unpasteurised milk outbreaks. Using Poisson and negative binomial regression, we compared the number of outbreaks and outbreak-associated illnesses between jurisdictions grouped by legal status of unpasteurised milk sale based on a May 2019 survey of state laws. During 2013-2018, 75 outbreaks with 675 illnesses occurred that were linked to unpasteurised milk; of these, 325 illnesses (48%) were among people aged 0-19 years. Of 74 single-state outbreaks, 58 (78%) occurred in states where the sale of unpasteurised milk was expressly allowed. Compared with jurisdictions where retail sales were prohibited (
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