ArticleDiabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association2023
Sex disparities in medication prescribing amongst patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus managed in primary care.
Article in Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Uptitration of statin therapy in women and men: a population-based cohort study.European heart journal. Quality of care & clinical outcomes · 2025Article
- SGLT2 Inhibitor and GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Prescriptions in Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients With Cardiorenal Risks: A Cross-Sectional Study.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Article
- Differences in Medication Use by Gender and Race in Hospitalized Persons Living with Dementia.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2024Article
- Sex differences in pathogenesis and treatment of dyslipidemia in patients with type 2 diabetes and steatotic liver disease.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Review
- Sex disparities in medication prescribing amongst patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus managed in primary care.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2023Article
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Abstract
backgroundSex differences in clinical outcomes have been observed for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These could be related to sex disparities in treatment.
objectivesTo determine whether there are sex disparities in medication prescribing amongst patients with T2DM.
methodsA cohort study was conducted using the Groningen Initiative to ANalyze Type 2 diabetes Treatment (GIANTT) database, which includes data from primary care patients with T2DM from the north of the Netherlands. Data on demographics, physical examinations, laboratory measurements and prescribing were extracted. A set of validated prescribing quality indicators assessing the prevalence, start, intensification and safety of glucose-, lipid-, blood pressure- and albuminuria-lowering medication was applied for the calendar year 2019. Univariate logistic regression analyses were conducted.
resultsWe included 10,456 patients (47% females). Females were less often treated with metformin (81.7% vs. 86.5%; OR 0.70, 95% CI 0.61-0.80), and were less often prescribed a renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitor (RAAS-i) when treated with multiple blood pressure-lowering medicines (81.9% vs. 89.3%; OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.46-0.64) or when having albuminuria (74.7% vs. 82.1%; OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.49-0.85) than males. Statin treatment was less frequently started (19.7% vs. 24.7%; OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.58-0.96) and prescribed (58.7% vs. 63.9%; OR 0.80, 95% CI 0.73-0.89) in females. There were no differences in starting and intensifying glucose-, blood pressure- and albuminuria-lowering medication.
conclusionsSex disparities in medication prescribing amongst T2DM patients were seen, including less starting with statins and potential undertreatment with RAAS-i in females. Such disparities may partly explain higher excess risks for cardiovascular and renal complications associated with diabetes observed in females.
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