ArticlePediatrics2022
Childcare and School Acute Gastroenteritis Outbreaks: 2009-2020.
Article in Pediatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Temporal trends ofFrontiers in public health · 2026Observational
- Bacteremic vs NonbacteremicOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025Article
- School-level data on COVID-19 cases, quarantines, and student absenteeism during the COVID-19 pandemic: understanding missingness.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Epidemiologic and Genomic Investigation of Sexually Transmitted Shigella sonnei, England.Emerging infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Primary schools' readiness for SARS-CoV-2 preventive measures in Maputo City, Mozambique: a cross-sectional study.International health · 2025Article
- Article
- Epidemiological characteristics of infectious disease outbreaks in schools in Zhejiang province, China, from 2013 to 2021.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- A large-scale norovirus outbreak associated with kimchi consumption across multiple schools in a Korean city in 2024.Epidemiology and health · 2025Article
- Significant reduction in norovirus outbreaks and secondary transmission of acute gastroenteritis in Seoul schools following the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective epidemiological study.Journal of Yeungnam medical science · 2025Article
- Tackling transmission of infectious diseases: A probiotic-based system as a remedy for the spread of pathogenic and resistant microbes.Microbial biotechnology · 2024Review
- Review
- Disinfection and hand hygiene knowledge, attitude, and practices among childcare facilities staff during the COVID-19 pandemic in Anhui, China: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- The Impact of Norovirus on Children and Adolescents: Implications for Ongoing Vaccine Development.Current pediatrics reports · 2024Review
- Household Transmission of Viral Acute Gastroenteritis Among Participants Within an Integrated Health Care Delivery System, 2014-2016.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Characteristics and related factors of waterborne and foodborne infectious disease outbreaks before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic (2017-2021) in the Republic of Korea: a descriptive study.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesAcute gastroenteritis (AGE) outbreaks commonly occur in congregate settings, including schools and childcare facilities. These outbreaks disrupt institutions, causing absences and temporary facility closures. This study analyzed the epidemiology of school and childcare AGE outbreaks in the United States.
methodsWe analyzed AGE outbreaks occurring in kindergarten to grade 12 schools and childcare facilities reported via the National Outbreak Reporting System in the United States from 2009 to 2019 and compared this information to 2020 data. Outbreak and case characteristics were compared using the Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test, χ2 goodness-of-fit test, and Fisher exact test.
resultsFrom 2009 to 2019, there were 2623 school, 1972 childcare, and 38 school and childcare outbreaks. School outbreaks were larger (median, 29 cases) than childcare outbreaks (median, 10 cases). Childcare outbreaks were longer (median, 15 days) than school outbreaks (median, 9 days). Norovirus (2383 outbreaks; 110 190 illnesses) and Shigella spp. (756 outbreaks; 9123 illnesses) were the most reported etiologies. Norovirus was the leading etiology in schools; norovirus and Shigella spp. were dominant etiologies in childcare centers. Most (85.7%) outbreaks were spread via person-to-person contact. In 2020, 123 outbreaks were reported, 85% in the first quarter.
conclusionsSchools and childcare centers are common AGE outbreak settings in the United States. Most outbreaks were caused by norovirus and Shigella spp. and spread via person-to-person transmission. Fewer outbreaks were reported in 2020 from the COVID-19 pandemic. Prevention and control efforts should focus on interrupting transmission, including environmental disinfection, proper handwashing, safe diapering, and exclusion of ill persons.
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