ArticleDisease markers2022
CDX2 as a Predictive Biomarker Involved in Immunotherapy Response Suppresses Metastasis through EMT in Colorectal Cancer.
Article in Disease markers, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of CDX2 in the prognosis of colorectal cancer across stages 0-IV.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- CDX2 downregulation regulates intrinsic WNT pathway activation, dictating metastasis in APC and CTNNB1 wildtype colorectal cancer.Oncogene · 2025Article
- Effect of CDX2 on proliferation, invasion, migration, and apoptosis of duodenal cancer cells.European journal of histochemistry : EJH · 2025Article
- CDX2 and SATB2 loss are associated with myeloid cell infiltration and poor survival in colorectal cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- PFDN6 contributes to colorectal cancer progression via transcriptional regulation.eGastroenterology · 2024Article
- Biomarkers of lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer: update.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Review
- High-fat diet plus HNF1A variant promotes polyps by activating β-catenin in early-onset colorectal cancer.JCI insight · 2023Article
- PLA2G12A as a Novel Biomarker for Colorectal Cancer with Prognostic Relevance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Emerging Role of Plant-Based Dietary Components in Post-Translational Modifications Associated with Colorectal Cancer.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Studies have confirmed that Caudal Type Homeobox 2 (CDX2) plays a tumor suppressor role in colorectal cancer (CRC) and as a prognostic and predictive marker for colorectal cancer. The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a transdifferentiation process, providing migratory and invasive properties to cancer cells during tumor progression. However, the role of CDX2 during the activation of EMT in CRC maintains controversial. Aim: To investigate whether CDX2 is associated with EMT in CRC. Methods: Forty-six CRC patients were included in the study. Expressions of CDX2, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin in all CRC patients were detected by IHC. ROC assays were applied to detect cut-off points for IHC scores to distinguish high and low expressions of CDX2 in 46 CRC samples. The prognostic value of CDX2 was statistically analyzed. MTT, Western blot, invasion, and migration assays in vitro were employed to explore the function of CDX2. Results: We observed that high expressions of CDX2 and E-cadherin as well as low expressions of N-cadherin were significantly correlated with favorable prognosis. The levels of CDX2 protein exhibited a positive associated with E-cadherin while negative correlation with N-cadherin. Then, the low expression of CDX2 and high expression of CA199 in combination are positively related with poor prognosis. Overexpression of CDX2 reduced expression of MMP-2 and diminished cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, while knockdown CDX2 enhanced MMP-2 expression and increased cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in HCT-116 cells. CDX2 was correlated with expression of EMT markers. Overexpression of CDX2 suppressed the EMT markers indicating that CDX2 suppresses CRC cell viability, invasion, and metastasis through inhibiting EMT. Finally, we found that the expression of CDX2 was negatively associated with Th1 cells, macrophages, Th2 cells, cytotoxic cells, T cells, and T helper cells. Conclusions: These results indicated CDX2 as prognostic biomarkers involved in immunotherapy response for CRC. CDX2 loss promotes metastasis in CRC through a CDX2-dependent mechanism.
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