Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36277926›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neurology2022

Neurological disorders associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 antibodies: Clinical spectrum and prognosis of a cohort from China.

Lin Bai, Haitao Ren, Menglin Liang, Qiang Lu, Nan Lin, Mange Liu, Siyuan Fan, Ruixue Cui, Hongzhi Guan

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Efficacy of efgartigimod in the treatment of autoimmune encephalitis: a systematic review.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. The limbic and extra-limbic encephalitis associated with glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)-65 antibodies: an observational study.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2025
    Observational
  10. Autoimmune encephalitis-associated epilepsy.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2025
    Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Lin BaiDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Haitao RenDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Menglin LiangDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Qiang LuDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Nan LinDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Mange LiuDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Siyuan FanDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Ruixue CuiDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Hongzhi GuanDepartment of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To describe clinical phenotypes and prognosis of neurological autoimmunity related to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65) antibodies in China. Method: In this retrospective observational study from Peking Union Medical College Hospital, we identified patients with neurological disorders related to GAD65 antibodies (cell-based assay) from May 2015 to September 2021. Clinical manifestations, immunotherapy responsiveness, and outcomes were collected after obtaining informed consent from all patients. Results: Fifty-five patients were included: 40 (72.73%) were women and initial neurological symptoms developed at 42(34-55) years of age. The median time to the nadir of the disease was 5 months (range from 1 day to 48 months). The clinical syndromes included limbic encephalitis (LE) or epilepsy (Ep) ( Conclusions: LE/Ep was the most common neurological phenotype of GAD65 antibody neurological autoimmunity in our cohort. Most patients had comorbidities of other autoimmune diseases, but underlying tumors were rare. Most patients responded to immunotherapy. However, the long-term prognosis varied among different clinical phenotypes.

Indexed as

antibodyautoimmune diseaseencephalitisglutamic acid decarboxylases 65immunotherapy

Identifiers

PMID36277926
PMCPMC9581312

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.