ArticleJournal of oncology2022
Feasibility and Safety of a Combined Metabolic Strategy in Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Prospective Case Series.
Article in Journal of oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of ketogenic diet in glioblastoma: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of ketogenic metabolic therapy as an adjuvant to the current standard of care in the treatment of glioblastoma: A systematic review of clinical trials.Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Ketogenic Diet as an Adjuvant in Epithelial Cancers: Mechanisms, Model Systems, and Translational Opportunities.Cancers · 2026Review
- Enhanced lipid metabolism serves as a metabolic vulnerability to polyunsaturated fatty acids in glioblastoma.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Nutritional strategies in the management of diffuse gliomas: A systematic review.Neuro-oncology practice · 2025Article
- Potential Biomarkers for IDH-Mutant and IDH-Wild-Type Glioblastomas: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Rethinking corticosteroids use in oncology.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Clinical research framework proposal for ketogenic metabolic therapy in glioblastoma.BMC medicine · 2024Review
- Systematic Review and Clinical Insights: The Role of the Ketogenic Diet in Managing Glioblastoma in Cancer Neuroscience.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Ketogenic metabolic therapy in conjunction with standard treatment for glioblastoma: A case report.Oncology letters · 2024Article
- Intermittent fasting and its impact on toxicities, symptoms and quality of life in patients on active cancer treatment.Cancer treatment reviews · 2024Review
- Intensive multimodal ketogenic metabolic therapy in glioblastoma: A clinical trial.Neuro-oncology advancesArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) may be susceptible to metabolic strategies such as fasting and ketogenic diets, which lower blood glucose and elevate ketones. Combining these two strategies may be an ideal approach for sustaining a potentially therapeutic glucose ketone index (GKI). In this prospective case series, we observed whether a combined metabolic strategy was feasible, safe, and capable of sustaining a GKI <6 in patients with GBM. Methods: We provided recommendations and guidelines to 10 GBM patients at various stages of tumour progression and treatment that enabled them to complete a 5-7-day fast every 1-2 months combined with a modified ketogenic diet during the intervening weeks. Patients monitored their blood glucose and ketone levels and body weight. Adverse effects were assessed. Results: Patients completed a mean of 161 ± 74 days of the combined metabolic strategy, with 34 ± 18 (21%) days of prolonged fasting (mean fast duration: 6.0 ± 1.4 days) and 127 ± 59 (79%) days on the ketogenic diet. The mean GKI for all 10 patients was 3.22 (1.28 during the fasts, 5.10 during the ketogenic diet). Body weight decreased by 8.4 ± 6.9 kg (11.2% decrease in baseline weight). The most common adverse effects attributed to the fasts and ketogenic diet were fatigue, irritability, and feeling lightheaded. The metabolic strategy did not interfere with standard oncological treatments. Conclusion: This is the first study to observe the feasibility and safety of repeated, prolonged fasting combined with a modified ketogenic diet in patients with GBM. Using minimal support, patients maintained the combined metabolic strategy for 5-6 months while sustaining a potentially therapeutic mean GKI of 3.22. Weight loss was considerable. Adverse effects attributed to the metabolic strategy were mild, and it did not interfere with standard oncological treatments. Study Registration: This study is registered on the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, number ACTRN12620001310954. The study was registered on 4 December 2020.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.