Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36274998›Full record

ArticleThe journal of education in perioperative medicine : JEPM

Assessing Pediatric Life Support Skills Using Augmented Reality Medical Simulation With Eye Tracking: A Pilot Study.

Jimmy Qian, Asheen Rama, Ellen Wang, Tammy Wang, Olivia Hess, Michael Khoury, Christian Jackson, Thomas J Caruso

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The journal of education in perioperative medicine : JEPM. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. The use of extended reality in anesthesiology education: a scoping review.Canadian journal of anaesthesia = Journal canadien d'anesthesie · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jimmy QianThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Asheen RamaThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Ellen WangThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Tammy WangThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Olivia HessThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Michael KhouryThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Christian JacksonThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Thomas J CarusoThe following authors are at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Medical Student; is a medical student. The following authors are in the Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology, at Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA: is a Clinical Assistant Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Clinical Associate Professor; is a Statistician; is a Clinical Professor. is a Research Assistant in the Stanford Chariot Program at Stanford School of Medicine, Stanford, CA and at Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford, Palo Alto, CA.
Stanford Medicine · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Augmented reality (AR) and eye tracking are promising adjuncts for medical simulation, but they have remained distinct tools. The recently developed Chariot Augmented Reality Medical (CHARM) Simulator combines AR medical simulation with eye tracking. We present a novel approach to applying eye tracking within an AR simulation to assess anesthesiologists during an AR pediatric life support simulation. The primary aim was to explore clinician performance in the simulation. Secondary outcomes explored eye tracking as a measure of shockable rhythm recognition and participant satisfaction. Methods: Anesthesiology residents, pediatric anesthesiology fellows, and attending pediatric anesthesiologists were recruited. Using CHARM, they participated in a pediatric crisis simulation. Performance was scored using the Anesthesia-centric Pediatric Advanced Life Support (A-PALS) scoring instrument, and eye tracking data were analyzed. The Simulation Design Scale measured participant satisfaction. Results: Nine each of residents, fellows, and attendings participated for a total of 27. We were able to successfully progress participants through the AR simulation as demonstrated by typical A-PALS performance scores. We observed no differences in performance across training levels. Eye tracking data successfully allowed comparisons of time to rhythm recognition across training levels, revealing no differences. Finally, simulation satisfaction was high across all participants. Conclusions: While the agreement between A-PALS score and gaze patterns is promising, further research is needed to fully demonstrate the use of AR eye tracking for medical training and assessment. Physicians of multiple training levels were satisfied with the technology.

Indexed as

Augmented realityeye trackingmedical simulationpediatric advanced life support

Identifiers

PMID36274998
PMCPMC9583759
OpenAlexW4306181881

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.