ReviewFrontiers in cellular neuroscience2022
Galectin-3 (MAC-2) controls phagocytosis and macropinocytosis through intracellular and extracellular mechanisms.
Review in Frontiers in cellular neuroscience, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Galectin-3 is elevated in Müller glia in human glaucomatous eyes and ocular hypertensive rat eyes and associated with phagocytosing states.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Amyloid exacerbates tau and alpha-synuclein pathologies, behavioral impairments, and neuroinflammation in a mixed dementia model.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- TREM2 restrains myeloid inflammasome activation to protect against photoreceptor degeneration.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Differential selectivity of microglia and astrocytes in HIV-1 gp120-induced synaptic pruning.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2026Article
- An unrecognized mechanism of neuroprotection by microglial TIA1-mediated stress granules to prevent neuroinflammation and demyelination in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis mice through sequestering ApoE mRNA.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- A Zebrafish Galectin-1 Isoform Is Expressed in Skin and Gills and Binds to Bacteria, Bacterial Adhesin Receptors, and Epidermal Mucus Glycans.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Galectin-3 mediates lysosome-related inflammation within monocyte-derived macrophages in a mouse model of ischemic brain injury.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026Article
- Incidence and outcomes of influenza-associated pulmonary aspergillosis and the role of antifungal prophylaxis: a structured literature review.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Review
- Lipocalin-2 deficiency attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal cell death in a high-fat diet-fed diabetic mice.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Article
- 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose restores glial cell mitochondrial function and attenuates neuroinflammation.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Pleiotropic regulatory mechanisms and targeted therapeutic prospects of Galectin-3 in aging-related diseases.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2025Review
- A Narrative Review on the Multifaceted Roles of Galectins in Host-Pathogen Interactions DuringInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Galectin-3-Insights from Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The immunology of stroke and dementia.Immunity · 2025Review
- Galectin-3 shapes microglial phenotype through endogenous and exogenous mechanisms.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2025Article
- Intrinsic link between PGRN and Gba1 D409V mutation dosage in potentiating Gaucher disease.Human molecular genetics · 2024Article
- MERTK in the rat trigeminal system: a potential novel target for cluster headache?The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Fluorescent Chiral Quantum Dots to Unveil Origin-Dependent Exosome Uptake and Cargo Release.ACS applied bio materials · 2024Article
- Single cells and TRUST4 reveal immunological features of the HFRS transcriptome.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Differential Gene Expression of SARS-CoV-2 Positive Bronchoalveolar Lavages: A Case Series.Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology · 2024Article
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1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
Galectin-3 (Gal-3; formally named MAC-2) is a β-galactoside-binding lectin. Various cell types produce Gal-3 under either normal conditions and/or pathological conditions. Gal-3 can be present in cells' nuclei and cytoplasm, secreted from producing cells, and associated with cells' plasma membranes. This review focuses on how Gal-3 controls phagocytosis and macropinocytosis. Intracellular and extracellular Gal-3 promotes the phagocytosis of phagocytic targets/cargo (e.g., tissue debris and apoptotic cells) in "professional phagocytes" (e.g., microglia and macrophages) and "non-professional phagocytes" (e.g., Schwann cells and astrocytes). Intracellularly, Gal-3 promotes phagocytosis by controlling the "eat me" signaling pathways that phagocytic receptors generate, directing the cytoskeleton to produce the mechanical forces that drive the structural changes on which phagocytosis depends, protrusion and then retraction of filopodia and lamellipodia as they, respectively, engulf and then internalize phagocytic targets. Extracellularly, Gal-3 promotes phagocytosis by functioning as an opsonin, linking phagocytic targets to phagocytic receptors, activating them to generate the "eat me" signaling pathways. Macropinocytosis is a non-selective endocytic mechanism that various cells use to internalize the bulk of extracellular fluid and included materials/cargo (e.g., dissolved nutrients, proteins, and pathogens). Extracellular and intracellular Gal-3 control macropinocytosis in some types of cancer. Phagocytosed and macropinocytosed targets/cargo that reach lysosomes for degradation may rupture lysosomal membranes. Damaged lysosomal membranes undergo either repair or removal by selective autophagy (i.e., lysophagy) that intracellular Gal-3 controls.
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Registered trials
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