ArticleScientific reports2022
Pharmacological effects of caffeine on ventilation in adult zebrafish under free-swimming conditions.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Glucose Co-Treatment Modulates Caffeine-Induced Transcriptomic Alterations During Embryogenesis in Zebrafish (Biology · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Effects of Methylxanthines in Adult Zebrafish Exposed to Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs).Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
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Abstract
The zebrafish is widely used as a model in biological studies. In particular, the heart rate and cortisol levels of zebrafish are commonly measured to elucidate the pharmacological effects of chemical substances. Meanwhile, although ventilation is also an important physiological index reflecting emotion-like states, few studies have evaluated the effects of chemicals on ventilation in adult zebrafish. In this study, we assessed whether it is possible to evaluate the pharmacological effects elicited by caffeine in adult zebrafish under free-swimming conditions. We measured the ventilation in adult zebrafish exposed to multiple concentrations of caffeine under restraint and free-swimming conditions and evaluated the pharmacological effects of caffeine using linear mixed model analysis. In addition, results of electrocardiogram analysis and swimming speeds were compared with those in previous reports to ensure that an appropriate dose of caffeine was administered. Under restraint conditions, caffeine significantly decreased heart rate and increased ventilation in a concentration-dependent manner. Under free-swimming conditions, the ventilation rate significantly increased with increasing caffeine concentration. These results indicate that the pharmacological effects elicited by chemicals on ventilation can be evaluated in free-swimming zebrafish.
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