ArticleScience (New York, N.Y.)2022
Imprinted antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sublineages.
Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph
Article in Science (New York, N.Y.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 185 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
185citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
24.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
185 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 252 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Immune escape of SARS-CoV-2 variants to therapeutic monoclonal antibodies: a system review and meta-analysis.Virology journal · 2023Pooled it
- Sotrovimab versus usual care in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised, controlled, open-label, platform trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetics of a High-Dose, Rapid-Infusion Monoclonal Antibody: Phase I Results for Intravenous Sotrovimab 3000 mg.Drugs in R&D · 2025Trial
- Immunogenicity of bivalent omicron (BA.1) booster vaccination after different priming regimens in health-care workers in the Netherlands (SWITCH ON): results from the direct boost group of an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2023Trial
- Associations of viral infections and antiviral vaccinations with anti-NMDAR and other forms of autoimmune encephalitis.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Review
- Comprehensive profiling of humoral immune responses to pan-respiratory pathogens: Insights from diverse cohorts.iScience · 2026Article
- Respiratory mucosal vaccines for emerging viruses: promise and challenges.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Cross-clade vaccination to overcome sarbecovirus or merbecovirus neutralization gaps.Cell reports · 2026Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection reveals imprinted antibody responses in the absence of vaccination.iScience · 2026Article
- The Shifting Paradigm of Monoclonal Antibodies in COVID-19 Management: From Early Triumphs to Viral Resistance and Future Perspectives.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Broad Neutralizing Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2: Current Progress and Engineering Strategies.Viruses · 2026Review
- Programmable antibody-based chimeric entry receptors for sarbecoviruses.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Computational Study of Antibody Binding to SARS-CoV-2 Variants.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Variable selection for prediction models of Omicron infection: Insights from two population-based cohort studies.Diagnostic and prognostic research · 2026Article
- Intranasal vaccine combining adenovirus and trimeric subunit protein provides superior immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Article
- HKU1 immune imprinting is associated with post-COVID symptoms after SARS-CoV-2 infection.iScience · 2026Article
- Functional characterization of spike RBD mutations in SARS-CoV-2 Omicron-derived subvariants KP.3.1.1, LP.8.1, and NB.1.8.1.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
125 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Update of
Authors and funding
52 authors at 9 institutions in 5 countries.
Young-Jun Park *Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2901-6949
Dora Pinto *Humabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Alexandra C Walls *Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9636-8330
Zhuoming Liu *Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8198-0976
Anna De MarcoHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-9641-4838
Fabio BenigniHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1974-5606
Fabrizia ZattaHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-4945-8058
Chiara Silacci-FregniHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Jessica BassiHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-4723-6892
Kaitlin R SprouseDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0007-2226
Amin AddetiaDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6703-3841
John E BowenDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3590-9727
Cameron StewartDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2786-6256
Martina GiurdanellaHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.
Christian SalibaHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-0100-6976
Barbara GuarinoHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-3759-3252
Michael A SchmidHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1137-9322
Nicholas M FrankoDivision of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8165-6332
Jennifer K LogueDivision of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7889-8960
Ha V DangVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1173-9241
Kevin HauserVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Julia di IulioVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9343-127X
William RiveraVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Gretja SchnellVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Anushka RajeshVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Jiayi ZhouVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4231-3422
Nisar FarhatVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0905-7479
Hannah KaiserVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3991-7401
Martin Montiel-RuizVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6200-9578
Julia NoackVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9113-8181
Florian A LemppVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6103-8078
Javier JanerDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1810-2163
Rana AbdelnabiKU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0001-9771-7312
Piet MaesKU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-4571-5232
Paolo FerrariFaculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-9619-3104
Alessandro CeschiFaculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-4308-0405
Olivier GianniniFaculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-2306-0498
Guilherme Dias de MeloInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology Unit, F-75015 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0003-0747-7760
Lauriane KergoatInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology Unit, F-75015 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-5609-4398
Hervé BourhyInstitut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Lyssavirus Epidemiology and Neuropathology Unit, F-75015 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0002-2608-5589
Johan NeytsKU Leuven Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.ORCID 0000-0002-0033-7514
Leah SoriagaVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5852-741X
Lisa A PurcellVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9565-2030
Gyorgy SnellVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1475-659X
Sean P J WhelanDepartment of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1564-8590
Antonio LanzavecchiaHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-3041-7240
Herbert W VirginVir Biotechnology, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8580-7628
Luca PiccoliHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-1085-6502
Helen Y ChuDivision of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8502-9600
Matteo Samuele PizzutoHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0001-5776-654X
Davide CortiHumabs Biomed SA, Subsidiary of Vir Biotechnology, Bellinzona, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-5797-1364
David VeeslerDepartment of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6019-8675
VIR Biotechnology (United States) · USVir Biotechnology (Switzerland) · CHUniversity of Washington · USWashington University in St. Louis · USHoward Hughes Medical Institute · USInstitut Pasteur · FRRega Institute for Medical Research · BEEnte Ospedaliero Cantonale · CHUNSW Sydney · AU
Funding
Centers for Research on Structural Biology of Infectious Diseases: Universal Influenza Vaccine Research75N93022C00036 · NIAID · SEATTLE CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL · PI STAKER, BART · 2022 to 2025
$21.7MUnraveling the bat humoral immune response against zoonotic viruses to guide the design of next-generation therapeuticsDP1AI158186 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI VEESLER, DAVID · 2020 to 2024
$5.4MMechanism and Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 EntryR01AI163019 · NIAID · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KIRCHHAUSEN, TOMAS, WHELAN, SEAN PJ · 2021 to 2025
$3.8MAcquisition of a high resolution, high throughput cryo-electron microscopeS10OD023476 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI KOLLMAN, JUSTIN M · 2017 to 2017
$2.0MHoward Hughes Medical InstituteNIAID NIH HHS 75N93022C00036NIAID NIH HHS DP1 AI158186NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI163019NIH HHS HHSN272201700059CNIH HHS S10 OD023476
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron sublineages carry distinct spike mutations resulting in escape from antibodies induced by previous infection or vaccination. We show that hybrid immunity or vaccine boosters elicit plasma-neutralizing antibodies against Omicron BA.1, BA.2, BA.2.12.1, and BA.4/5, and that breakthrough infections, but not vaccination alone, induce neutralizing antibodies in the nasal mucosa. Consistent with immunological imprinting, most antibodies derived from memory B cells or plasma cells of Omicron breakthrough cases cross-react with the Wuhan-Hu-1, BA.1, BA.2, and BA.4/5 receptor-binding domains, whereas Omicron primary infections elicit B cells of narrow specificity up to 6 months after infection. Although most clinical antibodies have reduced neutralization of Omicron, we identified an ultrapotent pan-variant-neutralizing antibody that is a strong candidate for clinical development.
Indexed as
Antibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralAntibody FormationCOVID-19Immune EvasionSARS-CoV-2Spike Glycoprotein, CoronavirusHumansImmunologic MemoryMemory B CellsNeutralization TestsAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralSpike Glycoprotein, Coronavirusspike protein, SARS-CoV-2
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