Evidence map›Paper›PMID 36261790›Full record

ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022

Investigating health service availability and readiness for antenatal testing and treatment for HIV and syphilis in Papua New Guinea.

Olga Pm Saweri, Neha Batura, Justin Pulford, M Mahmud Khan, Xiaohui Hou, William S Pomat, Andrew J Vallely, Virginia Wiseman

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.

Olga Pm SaweriThe Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. nsaweri@kirby.unsw.edu.au.
Neha BaturaInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Justin PulfordLiverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
M Mahmud KhanUniversity of Georgia, Athens, USA.
Xiaohui HouThe World Bank Group, Washington, DC, USA.
William S PomatThe Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Andrew J VallelyThe Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Virginia WisemanThe Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research · PGLiverpool School of Tropical Medicine · GBLondon School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine · GBUniversity College London · GBUniversity of Georgia · USUNSW Sydney · AUWorld Bank Group · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPapua New Guinea (PNG) has one of the highest burdens of HIV and syphilis in pregnancy in the Asia-Pacific region. Timely and effective diagnosis can alleviate the burden of HIV and syphilis and improve maternal and newborn health. Supply-side factors related to implementation and scale up remain problematic, yet few studies have considered their impact on antenatal testing and treatment for HIV and syphilis. This study explores health service availability and readiness for antenatal HIV and/or syphilis testing and treatment in PNG.

methodsUsing data from two sources, we demonstrate health service availability and readiness. Service availability is measured at a province level as the average of three indicators: infrastructure, workforce, and antenatal clinic utilization. The readiness score comprises 28 equally weighted indicators across four domains; and is estimated for 73 health facilities. Bivariate and multivariate robust linear regressions explore associations between health facility readiness and the proportion of antenatal clinic attendees tested and treated for HIV and/or syphilis.

resultsMost provinces had fewer than one health facility per 10 000 population. On average, health worker density was 11 health workers per 10 000 population per province, and approximately 22% of pregnant women attended four or more antenatal clinics. Most health facilities had a composite readiness score between 51% and 75%, with urban health facilities faring better than rural ones. The multivariate regression analysis, when controlling for managing authority, catchment population, the number of clinicians employed, health facility type and residence (urban/rural) indicated a weak positive relationship between health facility readiness and the proportion of antenatal clinic attendees tested and treated for HIV and/or syphilis.

conclusionThis study adds to the limited evidence base for the Asia-Pacific region. There is a need to improve antenatal testing and treatment coverage for HIV and syphilis and reduce healthcare inequalities faced by rural and urban communities. Shortages of skilled health workers, tests, and medicines impede the provision of quality antenatal care. Improving service availability and health facility readiness are key to ensuring the effective provision of antenatal care interventions.

Indexed as

HIV InfectionsSyphilisAmbulatory Care FacilitiesFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornPapua New GuineaPregnancyPrenatal CareAntenatal careHealth facility readinessHealth service assessmentHIVPacificSyphilis

Identifiers

PMID36261790
PMCPMC9580192
OpenAlexW4306786829

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.