SynthesisMedical care2022
A Systematic Review of Strategies to Enhance Response Rates and Representativeness of Patient Experience Surveys.
Synthesis in Medical care, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
37 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 71 citations in OpenAlex.
- Methods to increase response to postal and electronic questionnaires.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Impact of Financial Incentives on Electronic Health Record-Driven Recruitment of Underrepresented Communities in Research: Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Survey administration and participation: a randomized trial in a panel population health survey.BMC medical research methodology · 2025Trial
- An observer tool to enhance learning of incoming anesthesia residents' skills during simulation training of central venous catheter insertion: a randomized controlled trial.BMC medical education · 2023Trial
- Article
- Multilevel factors associated with nonresponse to patient-reported outcome measures in routine radiation oncology care.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the Community Urgent Eyecare Service in Greater Manchester, Including the Impact of Independent Prescribing.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Expert perspectives on the requirements for implementing prehospital peripheral nerve blocks: a survey among members of the European Society of Regional Anaesthesia (ESRA).BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- Designing recruitment strategies for population-based human biomonitoring: evidence on participation and representativeness from Latvia.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Factors influencing Taiwanese patients' resilience and satisfaction with dialysis: a cross-sectional survey.BMC health services research · 2026Article
- Article
- "Helpful in Thinking Through the Question": Redesigning the Patient Health Questionnaire-8 for Depression Assessment to Enhance Patient Engagement and Understanding.JMIR human factors · 2026Article
- Evaluation of the methodology of independent Community Advisory Boards in health products research and development: a mixed-methods cross-sectional survey study.Research involvement and engagement · 2026Article
- The semantic differential questionnaire format warrants consideration for use in healthcare settings.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Validation of a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for dietary assessment among adults in Northwest China.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Enhancing healthcare access through telehealth: patient-centred insights from Pakistan's primary care sector.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Physical Activity Levels and Barriers Among Young People with Mental Disorders: A Mixed Methods Analysis Supporting the Development of a National Sport Mental Health Clinic.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Empathy Training Seminar in the Military Health System: A Qualitative Self-Assessment Pilot Study.Military medicine · 2025Article
- A New CAHPS Measure of Patient Experiences With Mental Health and Substance Use Care.Health services research · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundData from surveys of patient care experiences are a cornerstone of public reporting and pay-for-performance initiatives. Recently, increasing concerns have been raised about survey response rates and how to promote equity by ensuring that responses represent the perspectives of all patients.
objectiveReview evidence on survey administration strategies to improve response rates and representativeness of patient surveys. RESEARCH
designSystematic review adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. STUDY SELECTION: Forty peer-reviewed randomized experiments of administration protocols for patient experience surveys.
resultsMail administration with telephone follow-up provides a median response rate benefit of 13% compared with mail-only or telephone-only. While surveys administered only by web typically result in lower response rates than those administered by mail or telephone (median difference in response rate: -21%, range: -44%, 0%), the limited evidence for a sequential web-mail-telephone mode suggests a potential response rate benefit over sequential mail-telephone (median: 4%, range: 2%, 5%). Telephone-only and sequential mixed modes including telephone may yield better representation across patient subgroups by age, insurance type, and race/ethnicity. Monetary incentives are associated with large increases in response rates (median increase: 12%, range: 7%, 20%).
conclusionsSequential mixed-mode administration yields higher patient survey response rates than a single mode. Including telephone in sequential mixed-mode administration improves response among those with historically lower response rates; including web in mixed-mode administration may increase response at lower cost. Other promising strategies to improve response rates include in-person survey administration during hospital discharge, incentives, minimizing survey language complexity, and prenotification before survey administration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.